史前星球（2022）

这场景看起来可能是灾难性的
This may look catastrophic.
但令人惊叹的是 一些植物 如果要完成它们的生命周期
But remarkably, some plants must be burnt
就必须被烧毁
if they are to complete their life cycle.
高温才能使松果裂开
The intense heat is needed to open the cones of the pine trees…
并将种子释放出来
and release their seeds.
大火过后仅仅几个小时
And only a few hours after the fire has passed,
动物们就陆陆续续回来了
animals begin to return.
甲壳虫是第一批归来的
Beetles are among the first.
它们开始产卵
They start to lay their eggs.
当它们孵化时 幼虫将会首先
When they hatch, the larvae will be the first to feast
享用几乎无限供应的枯木
on the near-limitless supply of dead wood.
这只野蛮盗龙是个机会主义者
This Atrociraptor is an opportunist.
当有食物供应时 它很快就回来了
Quick to return when there's food on offer.
它在这里还能获取其他的东西
And there's something else to be gained here.
烟雾是一种杀虫剂
Smoke is an insecticide…
它可以帮助动物清除身体上的寄生虫
and it can help an animal to get rid of its parasites.
但还是要小心点
But you do have to be careful.
来了一只2吨♥重的甲龙
A two-ton ankylosaur.
大火过后 它也找到了能吃的东西
It also finds something worth eating after a fire.
木炭
Charcoal.
它能与甲龙的胃中 许多植物毒素结合 并中和毒性
It will bind with many of the plant toxins in its stomach and neutralize them.
这只埃德蒙顿龙要离开森林了
The female Edmontosaurus is leaving the forest.
克服了重重困难 它把两个幼崽都带到了安全的地方
Against the odds, she's led both her babies to safety.
在森林里的植被重新生长出来前 它们必须找到新的草场去生活
They will have to find new pastures until the forest plants recover.
即使是在鲜有火灾的地方 树木也不是长生不老
Even where fires are rare, trees do not live forever.
另一种完全不同的生物 会把死去的树木当成食物
And after they die, they become food for a very different kind of organism.
到了晚上 它们中的一些变得异常显眼
At night, some of them become eerily conspicuous.
在森林的地面上
Down on the forest floor…
出现了真菌
fungi appear…
并开始发光
and start to glow.
它们通过深藏在组织内部的 化学反应来发光
They produce their light by chemical reactions deep within their tissues.
但它们这么做的原因依旧是个谜
But why they do so is a mystery.
有可能是因为光会吸引昆虫前来
It may be because the light attracts insects,
昆虫会帮助真菌传播孢子
which then help to spread the spores of the fungus.
这里是中亚地区
Here, in central Asia,
夜间的森林里充满了奇怪的声音
the nighttime forest is filled with strange sounds.
巨大的蜥脚类恐龙正在沉睡
Giant sauropods are asleep.
它们的头部和颈部有气囊
There are air sacs in their head and neck,
这样可以减轻它们的体重 但也会放大它们的鼾声
which reduce their weight but also amplify their snores.
但不是所有动物都在睡觉
But not everyone is asleep.
对于较小的生物来说 夜晚出来活动要比白天安全
For smaller creatures, it's safer to be out in the darkness than during the day.
这些镰刀龙六个月前刚孵化出来
These Therizinosaurus hatched just six months ago.
它们勉强有91厘米长 只有成年镰刀龙体长的十分之一
Barely three feet long, they are only a tenth of their adult size.
它们的爪子虽然看起来像匕♥首♥一样锋利 但只是当作沙拉叉匙用
Their claws may look like daggers, but they're used more like salad servers…
因为它们是食植动物
because these are plant eaters.
然而这片森林里有各种各样的食物 不过你得知道去哪里觅食
This forest, however, has all kinds of food if you know where to look.
蜂蜜
Honey.
正从树枝上的蜂巢滴下来
It's dripping from a bees' nest up in the branches.
蜜蜂通常把巢筑在 陆地上的生物够不着的地方
Bees usually build their nests beyond the reach of ground dwellers.
但这个巢比大多数巢都要低
But this one is lower than most.
机不可失 失不再来
And it's too good to miss.
与大多数恐龙不同的是 年幼的镰刀龙会爬树
Unlike most dinosaurs, young Therizinosaurus can climb.
虽然它们不是爬树专家
Although they're not exactly experts.
愤怒的蜜蜂会组成蜂浪来警告入侵者离开
Angry bees produce a Mexican wave to warn intruders to keep away…
否则后果自负
or suffer the consequences.
一只成年镰刀龙
An adult Therizinosaurus.
它体型巨大 将近9米高 5吨♥重
It's huge, nearly 30 feet tall and weighing five tons.
蜜蜂做什么都无济于事 无法阻止这只镰刀龙获取蜂蜜
Nothing the bees can do deters this one.
最后终于得到一点美食了
At last, a little treat.
还顺带又被叮了几下
And a few more stings.
即使在白天 茂密森林的下层植被中 仍然是一片昏暗
Even by day, it's still dark in the understory of the dense forests,
比如欧洲的这个
such as this one in Europe.
在这里很难分辨出任何种类的动物
Animals of any kind are difficult to distinguish.
然而它们无处不在
Yet, they're everywhere.
沼泽龙很少暴露自己
Telmatosaurus seldom breaks cover.
同样不显眼的还有
And equally inconspicuous…
查摩西斯龙
Zalmoxes.
这是一种非常古老的恐龙谱系中的 最后一个品种
The last of a very ancient dinosaur lineage.
这片森林是它们为数不多的据点之一
This forest is one of their few remaining strongholds.
身高18厘米的小查摩西斯龙 只不过是许多捕食者的零食
Seven inches tall, baby Zalmoxes are no more than snacks for many predators.
但零食还是值得一吃的
But snacks are nonetheless worth eating…
所以它们必须小心谨慎
so they have to be cautious.
哈特兹哥翼龙有4.6米高
Hatzegopteryx stands 15 feet tall.
事实上 它是一种翼龙 也就是一种有翅膀的爬行动物
It is, in fact, a pterosaur, a reptile with wings,
当它在这片树丛中行走时 必须把翅膀紧紧地折叠起来
that here, as it stalks through the trees, it has to keep tightly folded.
这片森林里有许许多多的小生物 是它经常拜访的猎场之一
This forest, so rich in small creatures, is one of its regular hunting grounds.
这片森林位于欧洲最南端
It stands on the southernmost edge of Europe.
它是有史以来最重的飞行动物
This is the heaviest animal ever to fly,
这里没有其他地方 可以让它张开翼展超过9米的
and there is nowhere else here where it can open its gigantic wings,
巨大翅膀
which are over 30 feet across.
许多森林里的永久居民经常到海岸上来
Many of the forest's permanent residents regularly come down here…
因为这里的植物被海浪冲溅
because the plants are coated with sea spray
是动物们喜欢的盐分来源
and are a welcome source of salt.
在这里 蜥脚类恐龙得以相聚 重温家庭关系
Here, sauropods can meet one another, renewing family bonds…
并创造新的家庭成员
and creating new ones.
但对哈特兹哥翼龙来说 这片海滩就是个起飞点
But for Hatzegopteryx, the beach is a launching pad.
现在它的翅膀将带它去另一片森林
Now his wings will carry him to yet another forest,
那里的生命 比我们这个史前星球上的任何地方
where life proliferates more variously and more abundantly
都更多样化 更丰富
than anywhere else on our prehistoric planet.
要想了解这些故事背后的科学
To discover the science behind the stories,
请去《Prehistoric Planet》 网页了解更多
go now to the Prehistoric Planet show page.