地球脉动（2006）

都直接用手
by hand.
住在这里的市民们认为
The inhabitants of this town believe that hyenas
鬣狗还有一个非常重要的本事
provide another very important service.
能够吞噬游荡在街道上的恶魂
Eating the bad spirits that haunt the streets.
这种动物凶猛而残暴
These are wild and ferocious animals,
但是在城区内
but once within these city walls,
他们表现出了完全不同的一面
they behave in a completely different way.
在非洲的其他地区 大家都十分惧怕斑鬣狗
Throughout the rest of Africa，spotted hyenas are feared
因为它们猎食家畜 甚至伤及孩童
because they kill livestock, sometimes even children.
斑鬣狗大概是地球上最受诟病的动物
They are perhaps the most vilified animal on our planet.
然而 在哈勒尔
However, here in Harar,
他们却能够与人类和平共处
their relationship with people is entirely peaceful.
赢得了人类的信任
They have won the trust of man.
丧失对人类的恐惧
Losing its fear of humans
让一种动物遍布世界各个城市
has enabled one animal to spread into cities everywhere,
而且数量庞大
and in huge numbers.
鸽子是目前最成功的城市鸟类
Pigeons are by far the most successful urban bird.
在法国南部的阿尔比
Here, in Albi, in the south of France,
鸽群飞到河边沐浴
the pigeons come to the river to bathe.
它们要整理飞羽
They need to preen their flight feathers,
清洗掉城市的灰尘
clean off the city dust,
并给自己降降温
and cool themselves down.
而死神正埋伏以待
But death lies in wait.
捕食者正是利用了
A predator that has taken advantage
鸽子在城市得以成功生存的法宝
of the very thing that has led to the pigeon's success...
它们已丧失的恐惧感
Their lack of fear.
鸽子洗澡时 羽毛上的油脂顺流而下
As the pigeons bathe，oil from their plumage flows downstream,
被捕食者察觉
and is detected.
一条巨大的六须鲶鱼
A monstrous Wels catfish.
虽然才被引入此地四十年
Introduced here just 40 years ago,
繁殖数量却已大大增长 几乎迫使本地鱼类灭绝
they have proliferated. Virtually exterminated the local fish stocks...
现在它们将猎食对象转向了鸽子
And they've now developed a taste for pigeon.
由于视力微弱
Their eyesight is poor,
它们依靠触须来探测猎物的动静
so they use their barbels to sense the movements of their victims.
对底栖鱼类来说
This is a radical new hunting strategy
这是种全新的捕猎策略
for what is normally a bottom-dwelling fish.
在城市居住了上千年之后
After a thousand years of living in this city,
鸽子现在却要学会避开水里的鱼
pigeons are now having to learn to avoid a fish
我们的城市在不断变化
Our cities are always changing.
有时极为迅速
Sometimes very swiftly.
动物们必须应对这些改变
And animals must cope with the changes,
否则就会消失
or disappear.
近年来 最大的变化之一
One of the greatest changes in recent times
是由一项历史还不到一百四十年的发明引起的
has come from a single invention made less than 140 years ago.
电灯
Electric light.
它的影响力越来越大
It has become more and more powerful,
点亮了我们的街道
filling our streets with light.
城市灯光无处不在
It's everywhere in the city.
甚至延伸到地下
It even goes under ground.
白天与黑夜的区别愈发难以分辨
The difference between day and night is becoming less and less perceptible.
这对野生动物产生了深远的影响
And that has a profound effect on the activities of wildlife.
在野外 光引发动物的各种行为
In the wilderness, light triggers all kinds of behaviour.
在月圆之夜
On the night of the full moon,
数百只刚孵化的小玳瑁
hundreds of tiny hawksbill turtle hatchlings
从安全的沙底洞穴中钻出
emerge from the safety of their nest deep in the sand.
本能驱使它们尽快爬到海里
Their instinct is to reach the sea as quickly as possible.
指引它们方向的是海水倒映的月光
And their guide is the light of the full moon reflected on the water.
但这只小玳瑁感到很困惑
But this young hatchling is confused.
它正朝错误的方向爬去
It's going in the wrong direction.
明亮的灯光从陆地照来
Bright light is coming from the land.
让这些小玳瑁都从沙滩爬向内陆
And all these hatchlings are travelling up the beach towards it.
捕食者伺机而动
Predators are ready to take advantage.
螃蟹将巢穴直接建在沙滩灯光下
Crabs now make their burrows directly beneath the beach lights
等猎物自己送上门
and wait for their prey to come to them.
即使能成功逃脱
Even if a hatchling escapes,
它们仍身处险境
they're still in peril.
灯光愈发具有迷惑性
The lights become more and more bewildering.
这片沙滩上百分之八十的小玳瑁
80% of all hatchlings on this beach
都因城市的灯光而迷失了方向
are now disorientated by the lights of the town.
许多小生命终结了在马路上
Roads bring many to their end.
每晚都有数百只小玳瑁被困在下水道
Hundreds get trapped in storm drains every night.
在陆地上的长途跋涉使它筋疲力尽
Exhausted by the effort of travelling such a distance on land,
这只小玳瑁很可能活不过今晚
this hatchling's chances of surviving the night are slim.
这只玳瑁只是无数
This turtle is one of the countless species
无法适应城市
that have been unable to adapt to the change
环境变化的物种之一
brought about by the urban environment.
只有少数动物
Only a small number of animals
找到了与人类共存的方法
have managed to find ways of living alongside us.
每隔十年 就有英国面♥积♥大小的区域
And every 10 years, an area the size of Britain
被水泥森林吞噬
disappears under a jungle of concrete.
但一切并非只能如此
But it doesn't have to be like this.
难道我们不能建造更加融合自然的城市吗
Could it not be possible to build cities more in harmony with nature?
我们是这个环境的设计师
We are the designers of this enviroment.
是否邀请野生动物回归城市 方式如何 都取决于我们
How, and whether we decide to invite the wildlife back, is up to us.
这棵树被吊到约三十层楼高
This tree is rising nearly 30 storeys.
它和其他近八百棵树一起被种下 旨在打造一座米兰的垂直森林
It's one of almost 800 being planted to create a vertical forest in Milan.
这个数量的树木 相当于两公顷的森林
This number of living trees would normally fill two hectares of woodland,
可在这里 它们只占据了十分之一的面♥积♥
but here, they occupy one-tenth of that area.
绿化建筑的外墙和屋顶
Greening the walls and roofs of our buildings
就能打造一座茂盛而广阔的栖息地
could create a rich and extensive habitat,
只要我们有心去做
if we wanted it to do so.
有一座城市 正在大规模实践这个构想
There is one city where that idea is being applied on a major scale.
新加坡
Singapore.
这座城市在四十五年里共种了两百万棵树
Two million trees have been planted here in the last 45 years.
如今 它成为了世界上物种最丰富的城市
This city is now richer in species than any other in the world.
构建自然城市的实践延伸至城市的每个角落
And this practise extends to all parts of the city.
城市中的航道被清理干净
The waterways have been cleaned up,
江獭们得以重新回归
and smooth-coated otters are coming back.
不过 城市绿化最壮观的例子
But perhaps, the most spectacular example of city greening
也许是这片超级树林
is this grove of super trees.
这些四十五米高的金属建筑现在充满了生机
These 150 feet high metal structures are now full of life.
分枝上种植了匍匐植物 蔓延生长
Creepers have been planted to grow over the outermost branches.
这是否就是我们未来的城市景观呢
Is this a vision of our cities of the future?
也许某天 我们会看到更多的野生动物
The potential to see animals thriving within our cities
在全世界的城市的里繁衍生息的景象
is achievable across the globe.
如今半数以上的人口生活在城市中
More than half of us now live in an urban environment.
我们是否愿意打造美好的地球家园
Whether we choose to create a home for others too
不仅是为了人类
is up to us.