地球脉动（2006）

《地球脉动2》 第一季 第二集
世界上超过八千米的山峰
There are only fourteen peaks in the world
屈指可数
that rise to over 8000 metres.
它们全部位于喜马拉雅地区
All of them are here, in the Himalayas.
在极端低温与暴风雪的洗礼下
Lethally cold, scoured by gales and blizzards,
这些山脉成为地球上生存条件最苛刻的地区
these mountains are among the most hostile places on Earth.
然而 仍有动物能够生活在这里
Yet, a few special animals manage to live here.
雪豹
Snow leopards.
与所有高山生物相同
Like all creatures of the high mountains,
为了生存 他们必须从体型和行为上
they have had to adapt both their body and their behaviour
充分适应环境
in order to survive.
极高海拔之上的生存
Life at extreme altitude
塑造出了这个星球上最顽强的动物
has shaped some of the toughest animals on the planet.
山脉
阿♥拉♥伯半岛上的山地被阳光炙烤得发烫
The sunbaked mountains of the Arabian Peninsula.
英语解说 大卫·爱登堡
它们的海拔也许只是喜马拉雅山脉的零头
They may only be a fraction of the height of the Himalayas,
但却异常险峻
but they are still so dizzyingly steep
很多地方几乎无法立足
that in many places it's almost impossible to get a foothold.
而努比亚羱羊还是栖息于此
Yet Nubian ibex have made this their home.
羱羊选择在最陡峭的绝壁上养育幼仔
The ibex choose the steepest cliffs to raise their young,
环境安全 没有天敌
in safety, beyond the reach of predators.
在生活在这里也要付出代价
But living in this sanctuary comes with a cost.
山崖过于陡峭
These nursery slopes are so steep,
几乎没有任何积水
there is almost no standing water up here.
为了饮水 羱羊必须下到
So to drink, an ibex family must descend into the valley...
三百米下的峡谷之中
...1,000 feet below.
母羊选出一条最安全的下山路径
The mothers pick out the safest way down.
四只柔软的分趾蹄胜过最好用的登山鞋
With soft cloven hooves that grip better than any climbing shoe,
让他们成为最高超的登山者
they are the most accomplished mountaineers.
但新生的雏羊还在蹒跚学步
But the newborn kids are still having to find their feet.
这是他们第一次下山
This is their first descent.
一次失蹄就可能一命呜呼
One mistake could make it their last.
跟着成年羱羊 小羊们终于到达山谷
Following the adults, the kids finally reach the valley.
但回到平地上 他们就很容易遭到攻击
But once on level ground, they're vulnerable.
赤狐埋伏许久了
Red foxes lie in wait.
一有危险迹象
At the first sign of danger,
羱羊幼仔便本能地奔回陡坡
the young ibex instinctively run back to steeper ground.
但爬上这块突出的岩石可能是个错误
But heading for this particular rocky outcrop could be a mistake.
这有九米高
It's a 30-foot drop.
赤狐把它们困住了
The fox has them trapped...
或者看起来是这样
or so it seems.
这正是羱羊与生俱来的本领
This is what ibex were born to do.
四散而逃的羊群让赤狐难以选择目标
Scattering makes it hard for the fox to pick a target.
显然它也无法追上峭壁
And it certainly can't follow them up here.
只能等待某只羱羊失蹄跌落
All it can do is wait for one to slip and fall.
但这些小羊学得很快
But these youngsters are fast learners,
现在几乎可以和双亲一样如履平地了
and they're now almost as sure-footed as their parents.
赤狐只能去别处觅食
The fox will have to find its meal elsewhere.
今天还真不是个好日子
It's just not been a good day.
小羱羊终于喝上水了
Now, at last, the young ibex can drink.
但很快他们又得
But they'll soon need to
回到峭壁上的安全区域
return to the safety of the sheer cliffs.
在峭壁上行走固然很难
Mastering precipitous terrain is always challenging,
但对于高山动物而言
but there are more fundamental problems
还有更根本的难题
for life in the mountains.
阿尔卑斯山脉 欧洲最高的山峰
The Alps. Europe's highest peaks.
时至冬季 食物极度匮乏
It's winter, and food is desperately short.
金雕不得不花费整个白天
A golden eagle has to spend every daylight hour
俯视山坡 寻找食物
scanning the slopes for something, somewhere, to eat.
长达两米的翼展让她
Her seven-foot wingspan allows her to glide effortlessly
一天可以轻松滑翔一百六十公里
for 100 miles in a single day.
非凡的视力
Her extraordinary eyes
让她可以看到三公里外的猎物
enable her to spot prey from two miles away.
但她并非这里唯一的觅食者
But she is not the only one who's looking for food.
一旦发现良机 必须快速行动
When she spots a chance, she must move fast.
她能以三百二十公里的时速俯冲而下
She can dive at 200 miles an hour.
只有游隼能飞得更快
Only a peregrine is faster.
在冬季 即使鹰类也几乎完全仰赖腐尸度日
During winter, even eagles rely almost entirely on carrion.
这是一只死去的狐狸
It's a dead fox,
这顿美餐能让她支撑数日
and it could sustain her for days.
其它食腐者只能等着了
Other scavengers must defer.
饥饿的乌鸦很快重新鼓起勇气
The hungry crows soon regain their courage.
他们想尽办法 试图分一杯羹
They'll try any trick to steal a morsel.
顽固地令人厌烦
And they are annoyingly persistent.
但这群乌鸦是她最不需要担心的
But this mob are the least of her worries.
一只更大的金雕抢走了食物
A bigger eagle takes control.
但这顿美餐太过重要 不能轻易放弃
But this kill is too important to give up.
必须奋起一搏
So she must fight.
她暂时抢回了尸体
For the moment, she's won the carcass back.
但这样的猎物会引来方圆数公里内所有的鹰
But a kill like this will attract every eagle for miles around.
最终依然是最强者赢得大部分食物
As ever, the strongest wins the lion's share.
抢不到那具尸体
Unable to defend the carcass any longer,
第一只雕只能继续它的觅食之旅
the first eagle must now continue its search.
也许下一次饱餐就是数日之后的事情了
It may be many days before she feeds again.
只有最具竞争力的生物
Only the most competitive
才能在山脉的寒冬中存活下来
will survive the perils of the mountain winter.
一场雪崩
An avalanche.
十万吨♥积雪
100,000 tonnes of snow
以一百三十公里的时速席卷而下
travelling at 80 miles an hour,
足以粉碎沿途的一切
capable of smashing everything in its path.
北美洲的山脉
The mountains of North America
每年要发生数千起雪崩
are hit by thousands of avalanches every year.
然而有一种动物整个冬季
Yet one animal spends the whole winter slumbering
都在这些极易发生雪崩的山坡上冬眠
within the snow on these avalanche-prone slopes.
待春天来临 它们就出洞了
And when spring comes, they emerge.
在这些山脉中
All across these mountains,
灰熊将巢筑在背风坡厚厚的积雪之下
grizzly bears make their winter dens
海拔高达三千米
10,000 feet up in the deep snow of leeward slopes.
他们在隆冬半梦半醒之际
And while they were half-asleep in the depths of winter,
产下幼崽
their young were born.
现在这些熊宝宝正迈出他们
Now these cubs are taking their first steps
走向外界的第一步
into the outside world.
熊妈妈带着三只幼崽
This mother is leading her three youngsters
去找东西吃
to a place where they can find food.
他们得尽快下山
They need to descend as quickly as possible.
雪崩肆虐后的残骸清楚地表明
The debris from an avalanche is clear evidence
这片山坡仍然非常不稳定
that this slope is still dangerously unstable.
此地不宜久留
This is not a place to dawdle.
他们继续前行还有另一个原因
And they have another reason to keep moving.
在巢里呆了五个月后
After five months in the den,
这些灰熊饿得正慌
these bears are very hungry.
这片山峰之间冬眠的灰熊
Bears that have hibernated throughout these peaks
现在都下山了 那里的春天来得更早
now all descend to the valleys, where spring comes earliest.
落基山脉的季节变换迅速而突然
In the Rockies, seasonal change is swift and dramatic.
几天时间内
In just a few days,
白雪皑皑的山脉便会绿意盎然
the slopes turn from white to green.
几周前还深埋在冰天雪地里的牧场
Meadows that only a few weeks ago were buried beneath the snow
现在生机勃勃
are now full of life.
但山峦之间 好时光不会太久
But in these mountains, the good times will not last long.
所以灰熊必须尽快进食
So the bears must feed as fast as they can.
夏季的几个月里
During the summer months,
一只成年灰熊靠吃植物能长一百八十公斤
an adult can put on 180 kilos gorging on plants
要是能再...
and, if they can catch them...
逮几只土拨鼠就更好了
a marmot or two.
但现在灰熊们还有其他事情要做
But just now, the bears have something else on their minds.
天气转暖
It's becoming warmer,
灰熊急切地想脱下它们厚重的冬衣
and the bears are keen to shed their thick winter coats.
母熊给小熊们做了示范
Mothers show the cubs what to do about this.
他们很快就学会了
They'll soon catch on.
有一些树似乎特别适合搓背
Some trees, it seems, are particularly suitable for rubbing.
熊们都有自己的偏好