宠物：内心狂野（2015）

IT HISSES
「嘿 说你呢 吃什么呢」
A kitten may hiss all he likes, but in cat society, age comes first.
小猫或许也想嘘几声支走抢食的猫 但在猫的社会等级中 年龄代表了一切
Cats also leave scent messages.
喵星人也会留下气味信息
Males spray a pungent note on key landmarks
公猫们会在关键地点留下强烈的气味
to announce their presence.
以便来向来访者宣告领地
They use other scent marks too.
他们也用其他的气味来标记
Glands on the cheeks deposit a unique personal odour.
脸上的腺体有着一种特殊的气味
They also mark those they regard as friends -
他们也会为朋友们标记上气味 -
just as pet cats rub scent on the legs of human owners.
就像宠物猫们在主人脚边蹭来蹭去那样
Scratching applies yet more scent from glands on their feet.
抓挠还会从脚部的腺体中释放出更多的气味
But some cats prefer not to announce their presence -
但是有些猫却不太喜欢确立领地
submissive cats bury the smelly evidence,
经驯服的猫就会掩盖起他们的气味
just as they do in a litter tray.
就像他们在便盆里做的一样
In our homes, cats show their subservience to us
在我们家中 喵星人会通过掩盖便便
by hiding their deposits.
来展示他的顺从
Although few take it to this extreme!
但很少有猫咪能做得如此完美
This cat taught himself the technique.
这种蹲坑技术喵星人自学成才
If only he could learn to pull the flush!
但愿他也能学会怎么冲马桶
With no litter to cover his tracks, he does what comes naturally -
当没有猫砂来掩盖气味的时候 他也会不由自主的做一些动作
make the scratching movements that would normally bury his smell.
小爪子挠来挠去就像在拨土一样
Whether scents are concealed or openly flaunted,
不论气味是被掩盖还是释放出来
most pets use odours to communicate.
大多数所有的宠物都会利用气味来交流
But no-one uses smell messaging quite like dogs.
但是没有任何宠物能像汪星人那样利用气味的
In Cuzco, Peru, pet dogs are allowed to roam the streets at will,
在秘鲁的库斯科 宠物狗们被允许自♥由♥地上街到处游逛
and can work out what every other city dog is up to
他们仅仅通过鼻子
using their noses.
就能知道其他狗狗在做什么
Lampposts are irresistible for any dog,
灯柱对于任何一只狗狗来说都是极具诱惑力的
but this scent-marking is surprisingly sophisticated.
但这种气味标记的就相当复杂精妙
They act like notes posted around the city,
它们就像城市中的标签一样
and dogs deliberately save up their pee
而且狗狗们还能憋尿
to ensure there's enough to go round.
这样他们有足够的尿液在整个城市中留下气味
These messages show who they are and, by the rate the smell decays,
这些信息展示了他们的身份
how recently they've visited.
通过气味消散程度就能得知他们何时来过
Dogs travelling together over-mark each other's scent
狗狗们到处覆盖别的狗的气味
to advertise the size of their pack.
以此来宣告自己的生活圈
It allows everyone to keep tabs on the whereabouts of everyone else.
这能让每只狗狗都知道别狗的动向
Dogs that spray higher are more dominant and best avoided.
能尿到更高的地方就可以避免被别的气味覆盖 往往能占有支配地位
But plenty are immediately recognised as friends.
但大多数都能很快就成为朋友
In these playful encounters, they associate the dogs they meet
在这美妙的邂逅中
with the scent marks they've come across.
狗狗们往往会联想起那些似曾相识的气味
Besides scent, there are other ways to find your mates in a big city.
除开气味 在这大城市中 他们还有其他交朋友的办法
A barking dog forces air through his vocal cords at over 100mph.
一只狂吠的狗狗能让空气以100mph的速度穿过他们的声带
The sound can exceed 110 decibels...
这叫声能超过110分贝
..louder than a passing jet.
比飞过的喷气式飞机都响
Wolves rarely bark,
狼很少嚎叫
so this way of communicating is a product of domestication.
因此这种交流方式是在驯化中产生的
And dogs produce a complex variety of barks.
而且狗狗会发出各种各样复杂的叫声
A rapid string of four to five barks is a rallying call.
四五声急促的叫声是集♥会♥的信♥号♥♥
Hearing another dog bark increases their heart rate, ready for action.
听到其他狗狗的叫声能让他们热血沸腾
It doesn't take long for the message to get around.
消息传递出去不会花太多时间
Once they find each other, barking appears contagious.
当他们相遇后 狗叫声此起彼伏
One or two short, high-pitched barks are used to greet a friend.
一两声短促高昂的叫声 是用来打招呼的
More continuous, lower-pitched barks alert the pack to a stranger.
但更多的是 低沉的呜咽 预示着对陌生来客的警觉
When the talking's over, fights can break out.
当交流结束的时候 大战一触即发
It may look serious, but these skirmishes are mostly for show
这看起来貌似很严重 但这种小争吵只是秀秀架势
and rarely lead to bloodshed.
很少会有流血事件
Their bark really is worse than their bite.
通常他们的嚎叫显得比撕咬来的更糟
We have only just begun to decipher the dog's hidden messages.
我们对于狗狗隐藏能力的探索才刚刚开始
But, using all their complex signals,
但是在库斯科的狗狗
the dogs of Cuzco have created a parallel world in a human city -
利用了这种复杂的信♥号♥♥在我们人类城市中创造出了一个平行世界
one known only to them.
一个只有他们懂的世界
Mutt or pampered pet, street fighter or stray,
不论贵贱美丑
the dogs use their natural abilities
狗狗们都会利用他们的自然能力
to sort out their differences and find ways to get along.
去区分出他们的不同 与他们和平共处
They live in a secret world of communication,
它们生活在一个秘密交流的世界
even though, at the end of the day, most have human homes to return to.
即使是这样 当暮色四合时 他们大部分都会回到家中
Living together is all about communication,
群居的要领就是交流
and for horses, herd life would be impossible without it.
对于马来说 没有交流的群里生活是不现实的
In the Camargue in France, the behaviour of semi-wild horses
在法国的卡玛格 半野生的马的行为
shows why they make such perfect human companions.
为我们展示了能与人类朝夕相处的原因
A dominant mare leads a herd of several females and their offspring.
一只领头母马带领着一群母马和她们的后代
This willingness to be led
他们十分愿意被领导
is the reason a horse responds so readily to our bidding.
这也正是他们会听从我们指示的原因
The lead mare takes them to a dust-bathing spot -
领头母马带领着他们来到了一个沙浴场 -
an important part of their daily routine.
这是他们每日生活的重要部分
The leader rolls first.
头领先打滚
As foals, they learnt that there's a strict order
当他们是小马驹的时候就学会了
to even the simplest activity.
即使是再简单的事也得遵守规则
Prey animals always need someone on watch.
被捕食者总是需要有放哨的
The stallion's role is to protect the herd, and he always rolls last.
公马承担着保护马群的责任 他们永远是最后滚的
The lead mare gains her position through age and experience -
领头母马是因为她的年龄和阅历才得到这地位的 -
finding the best food and water is one of her many responsibilities.
找到上好的食物和水源是她的职责之一
She continually communicates with the herd, mostly using her ears.
她总是用她的耳朵 持续不断的和马群取得联♥系♥
They point towards a horse she's trying to identify,
她总是把耳朵指向她要辨认的马
but she also uses the position of her ears to convey her feelings.
但她也会利用耳朵的方位来抒发自己的情感
16 muscles control each ear,
每只耳朵由16块肌肉控制
allowing subtle changes of expression.
这样就能传达出微妙的变化
If they're flopped down, it means she's relaxed and happy.
如果它们猛地放下 说明她很轻松很开心
When she's interested in something, she pricks them forward.
当她对某事感兴趣时 她就会把耳朵指向前方
And she pins them back when she's annoyed.
当她把耳朵收回来的时候 预示着她心情烦躁
If that doesn't produce the required reaction, she follows with a charge.
如果她的这个动作没有得到回应 她就会跟上去指责他
Just pinning back the ears
只需一个收耳的动作
is usually enough to get the herd moving.
就能让整个马群动起来
As well as responding to ear positions,
和用耳朵定位方向一样
horses are very sensitive to each other's touch,
马在肢体接触上也相当敏感
and react to pressures too light for humans to feel.
他们也会做出一些相当细微的回应 人类当然感受不到
Riders tap into this sensitivity,
骑手们往往会利用这种灵敏感
by a heel pressed against a side, or minute changes of position.
把脚跟紧紧贴在腹侧 或是细微的位置变化
Although horses communicate in so many different ways,
尽管马有这么多的交流方式
it's friendship bonds that lie at the heart of the herd.
马群的核心依旧是他们友谊的纽带
And the very best friends show their affection
互相吹鼻子
by blowing in each other's noses.
是他们表达友谊的最好方式
Young stallions even practise their fighting moves on a friend.
年轻种马甚至会在朋友之间练习搏斗技巧
It's a chance to safely try out techniques
这是一种安全的训练方式
that one day will be used in earnest.
为有朝一日的应用做着准备
But, for now, they're the best of buddies.
但对于现在来说 他们是最好的朋友
Like all our animal companions,
和我们所有的动物朋友一样
horses possess extraordinary wild abilities.
马拥有着惊人的野性本能
But all our pets are special in their own unique way.
但我们所有的宠物们都有各自的特殊技巧
They find a way to live alongside us, as part of the family,
他们有自己的方法来与我们相处 成为我们的家人
but in a very different world.
但他们完完全全属于另一个世界
Whether in play,
无论是玩乐
or through incredible senses,
还是惊人的感官
they will always be wild at heart.
他们的内心 永远隐藏着不变的狂野