宠物：内心狂野（2015）

Our favourite pets are among the most amazing animals on Earth
我们最喜欢的宠物是这世界上最神奇的动物之一
They've taken to a domestic life and become our perfect companions
它们已经成为我们家庭的一员和我们最好的伴侣
But their natural instincts remain intact
但他们依旧保留着它们的天性
They may have been tamed for thousands of years...
它们也许被驯服了几千年...
...but they were wild animals for millions more
...但他们的野性却存在了上百万年
Some were smart and supreme predators
一些是聪明、优秀的捕食者
Others were alert and fleet-footed prey.
另一些则是捕食者的猎物
Whatever their origins, they now live happily among us
不论它们原来是什么，它们现在都和我们愉快的生活在一起
But behaviour that feels familiar was born in the wild
但它们最熟悉的行为是在野外形成的
Take a closer look, and discover the true animal sharing your home
仔细观察观察那些离狂野自然只有一翅之遥的生物们
A creature just a wing-beat from the wild
去探索它们的本真
We think we understand our pets
我们自以为了解宠物
Cute and adored,
萌萌哒还讨人喜欢
they seem far removed from their wild living relatives
它们看起来一点也不像它们的那些野生的亲缘
We love to watch them play
我们喜欢看它们玩耍
But there's more to their games than meets the eye
但在它们的眼里，这远远不只是玩耍
These puppies are still training for life as a predator
这些小萌货也在为今后成为优秀的捕食者而训练着
As they play, they rehearse the same rules
它们在游戏中熟悉群体中的捕猎规则
that enable wolves to hunt as an organised pack
使它们的狩猎变得更有组织性
They must take care - even at seven weeks,
他们必须时刻谨慎-即使只有七周大
these cockerpoos are armed with 28 needle-sharp teeth
也已经长满了28颗锋利的牙齿
Dominant puppies choose to fight weaker ones, but no-one gets hurt
占主导地位的小狗总是选择弱小的欺负，但它们都不会受伤
Puppies that ignore the rules are soon ostracised by the others
而那些不遵守规则的小淘气会被踢出圈子
They must learn to restrain their bite
它们必须学会如何控制咬合的力量
If a puppy shows its vulnerable belly,
如果小狗露出了它最脆弱的腹部
then it's a signal to take time out
就说明它不要跟你玩惹
All else is fair game - a chance to let rip and practice killer holds
或者说是打成平手-趁机开始练习当一个安静的"枕头杀手"
And death shakes too
就没消停过
They need teamwork to bring down large prey,
它们需要通过团队合作来打败大型猎物
even if, for now, it's just a cushion
即使现在，它们只是可怜的枕头君= =
They may have been domesticated for 30,000 years,
尽管它们已经被驯养了30000多年
but play still prepares them for life in the wild
但这些游戏还是为它们在野外生存做好了准备
But their games have modern relevance too
然而这些游戏也有现代版的
HOWLING
「啊呜~~~~~~」
Dogs, more than any of our pets, must learn to rub along together
狗狗比其他任何动物都更需要我们的陪伴
They're often forced into situations no wild animal would tolerate
它们通常比任何的野生动物更能忍♥受这种状况
In New York, dog walkers exercise many different breeds at a time
在纽约，许多遛狗人都会一次带一群不同品种的狗狗出门锻炼
It's the closest the dogs get to pack life
这样更接近狗狗的真实生活
But, unlike hunting wolves, these dogs are completely unrelated
但是和"枕头杀手"完全不同的是，这些狗狗从来都自顾自
Recent research in a New York dog park
最近纽约犬类主题公园的一项研究
revealed the full complexity of their social interactions
揭示了狗狗社交的复杂性
They first become reacquainted using their celebrated sense of smell -
它们首先用它们引以为豪的嗅觉叙叙旧-
up to 100,000 times more sensitive than our own
它们的嗅觉比人类敏感1♥0♥0♥0♥0♥0倍
By sniffing scent glands on another dog's bottom,
嗅嗅别的狗狗的PP~（真的不明白为什么...）
they check its identity,
它们确认彼此身份
as well as its diet, health and emotional state
以及饮食、健康状况和情感阶段
Once everyone's formally introduced, the play begins
当每个成员都互相熟悉了之后，游戏就开始了
It may be boisterous,
它们玩的很疯
but the wild rules they practised as pups
但它们小时候的经验可以保证妈妈再也不用担心他们会受伤
stop things getting out of hand
它们在事情失控之前就会停下来
Opting out is perfectly acceptable,
撤退当然可以接受
and for small dogs, not unreasonable!
但对于小型犬来说就显得非常不讲道理
Toy breeds must feel at a distinct disadvantage
萌萌哒小公主们肯定会觉得形式相当不利
But this Boston terrier's up for the challenge,
而这只波士顿犬却选择挑战
no matter how great!
不管对手有多神
He knows the rules
但它知道规则
Exchange doggy bows, and he won't get hurt
点个头鞠个躬，我们都是好朋友
The "play bow" lets him have fun
这个"友好的仪式"
with a Great Dane three times his size
让它和一个体型是它三倍的狗狗愉快的玩耍
It's an invitation every dog understands
这是每只狗狗都懂的一种邀请
It's quite OK to refuse, and anyway,
当然也可以拒绝
there are always others up for a game
因为总能找到愿意玩耍的小伙伴
Leaping together establishes who's biggest
通过一起跳跃以此来确定谁是最大的一个
It's another way to test each other
这也是一种测试彼此的方式
But, size isn't everything -
但是体型又不代表一切-
it's about confidence and posturing too,
自信和姿势也很重要
as this belligerent bulldog knows
对于一只好战的英国斗牛犬
The young Labrador uses a trick she learnt in play -
这只年轻的拉布拉多展开四肢滚来滚去的玩耍-
rolling over and exposing her vulnerable belly
露出了他最脆弱的腹部
The bulldog may be pumped up with aggression,
斗牛犬好像在进攻中兴奋起来
but the Lab's submissive posture takes the fight right out of him
但拉布拉多的示弱让这场打闹就此结束
Playing together as puppies
和小伙伴们一起玩耍
allows dogs to understand the rules of the park
可以让狗狗明白公园里的规矩
Pets that are prey play different games
那些曾经是猎物的宠物们，玩的却是另一种游戏
For Russian hamsters, it's all about running
对于俄♥罗♥斯♥仓鼠来说，逃跑就是它们游戏的全部
In nature, they cover six miles a night,
在自然界，它们一月之间可以跑出6公里
and they often have to outrun predators
而它们也不得不比捕食者跑得更快
In captivity,
而那些被我们当宠物圈养的小仓鼠
they can cover the same distance by running on the spot
它们可以在小轮上跑出同样的速度
And it seems they do it for fun!
看的出来它们玩得很嗨皮
When scientists placed a wheel in the wild,
科学家们在野外安放了同样的小轮
mice took to it just as keenly as this enthusiastic hamster
野耗子也跟家养小仓鼠一样没心没肺地玩了起来
Like human athletes, exercise creates a rush of endorphins
就像人类的运动员一样，这种锻炼会产生大量的内啡肽
He experiences a runner's high
这种物质能让小鼠越跑越欢乐
At full pelt he reaches 600 strides a minute -
仓鼠如果全速冲刺，每分钟能迈出600步-
four times more than the fastest racehorse
是最快的赛马的4倍多
Moving X-ray shows that, unlike horses,
从X光片可以看出，与马完全不同的是
even when flat out he always keeps one foot on the ground
不论它们跑的多快，也总有一只脚在地上
He may be fast,
它也许已经跑的很快了
but nothing improves performance like a bit of competition
但是有竞争对手的话它们能跑的更撒泼（我在想能不能这样发电= =）
Hamsters aren't the most sociable of creatures
仓鼠并不是最具有社交精神的动物
It seems they're bad losers too
它们甚至可以说是非常不合群（小婊砸打起来了）
（注意观察盆里的食物，我不会告诉你之后会发生什么的）
失败者会去寻找一些安慰品
while the winner goes for gold
胜利者就夺得了金牌
Like wild hamsters, he mostly runs at dawn and dusk
与野耗子一样，家养小耗子基本只在黎明或黄昏时候撒泼
But, when the time is right,
当然它们心情好的时候
enthusiasm can get the better of him
可以疯的超神
His racing instinct is so engrained, little puts him off
疯癫的天性是如此的根深蒂固，从未正常过（摔得不痛么）
The quest for speed, once vital for survival, has become a game
曾经对于野耗子来说，速度就是生命，貌似现在只是一种游戏
One that also tests his acrobatic skills
甚至被当成杂技表演
But, perfection is so hard to achieve!
但是想要臻于完美却又异常艰难
Time flies when you're having fun!
疯玩的时候时间往往过得飞快
And, while he's been enjoying himself, so has the other hamster!
当一只玩得失心疯的时候，另一只也正享受自己的美好时光
Kittens also use play to practise their wild skills
幼猫也会运用游戏的方法来锻炼自己的野外生存技巧
In nature, they are solitary hunters,
在野外，它们通常都是孤独的猎人
and their games prepare them for a life alone
它们的游戏也正教会了它们独♥立♥生活
They have some impressive abilities to perfect
它们会很多duang duang duang的特技
Their eyes are already reacting to the slightest movement,
它们的眼睛对于细微的运动异常敏感
but their reflexes still need sharpening
但它们的反应就比较感人
Leg muscles must be exercised too
腿部的肌肉经过锻炼后
He'll soon jump seven times his height
可以跳到自己身长7倍的高度
Claws and paws expand as he practices grasping prey
小猫爪会随着捕捉猎物的动作而张开
His other qualities include a spine that can twist 180 degrees,
空中转体180是它们的另一项特技
and a tail that acts as a counterbalance
这时候它们就用尾巴来保持平衡
so he famously lands on his feet
再加上内置的减震器（目测指的是脚上的肉垫之类的）
He even has built-in shock absorbers!
最后完美着陆（难度系数10.0）
It was these skills that made wild African cats useful pest controllers
正是这些特技让非洲野猫在1♥0♥0♥0♥0♥多年前
when they moved in with the first farmers 10,000 years ago
就被驯服为害虫克星（实在不明白有什么逻辑关系）
After all these years, little has changed
这么多年后的今天，这些依旧没有改变
These two-month old Bengal kittens are still practising
这些两个月大的孟加拉幼猫
for a life as independent hunters
还在为适应独♥立♥狩猎的生活而努力练习着
In the wild, in another three months,
在野外环境中，三个月之后
they would be killing their own food
它们就能独♥立♥捕猎食物了
These kittens will soon be separated and begin life in their new homes
这些小猫马上就会被分散到各个家庭中，开始它们的新生活
But, whoever's pet they become,
但是无论它们的新主人是谁
they'll already be fully trained as a predator
它们都已经成为了一个出色的捕食者
Prey animals, like these five-week-old lop-eared rabbits,
这些无周大的垂耳兔，典型的被捕食者
also practice their survival skills through play
也需要通过玩耍来学习生存之道
For a rabbit, it's all about hopping!
对于这些蠢萌的生物来说，玩耍就是跳来跳去
These leaps may be defensive, but learning is clearly great fun
这些跳跃也许是出于防御，但还是非常有趣