全球绝美国家公园（2022）

赶在最后的时刻到来之前
before finally,
就在几秒钟内
in a matter of seconds...
整朵花轰然倒下
...the entire structure collapses.
授粉成功后，巨花魔芋又开始了下一个十年周期
Successfully pollinated, another ten-year cycle is set in motion,
以开出更大朵的花
toward more gigantic blooms.
即使在勒塞尔的低地
Even within Leuser's lowlands,
也有截然不同的非凡景观
there are extraordinarily different landscapes.
公园的河流将其营养丰富的土壤
The park's rivers transport its nutrient-rich soils
顺流而下 运送到海岸
downstream to the coast...
在那里 森林和印度洋交汇
where the forest meets the Indian Ocean...
形成了泥泞的红树林沼泽
giving rise to a muddy mangrove swamp.
弹涂鱼
A mudskipper.
这种鱼不局限于在水里生活
This fish is not confined to the life aquatic.
它大吸一口气
Taking a big gulp of air...
用长有肩关节的鳍
and using fins that have a shoulder joint,
推动自己四处游走
he propels himself around.
这是一种会走路的鱼
A fish that can walk.
它一生中大部分时间都在泥滩上度过
He spends most of his life here on the mudflats.
它那潜望镜一般的眼睛，长着陆生动物拥有的晶状体
His periscope-like eyes have a lens like land-based animals,
让它能在陆地上看得比在水里更清楚
allowing him to see far better out of water than in.
它最喜欢的食物是一种有着剃刀般锋利钳子的强大敌人
His favorite meal is a formidable foe with razor-sharp pincers.
如果它能在不被夹住的情况下抓到对方
If he can catch one without getting nipped.
或许尝尝软点的食物？
Perhaps something softer?
这些螃蟹非常敏捷
These crabs are very agile...
尤其是对于离水的鱼来说
especially for a fish out of water.
最终 就只剩下解除猎物的武装
Finally, all that remains is to disarm his prey.
它把螃蟹含在嘴里，用了一个巧妙的花招
Holding it in his mouth, he uses a neat trick.
用力摇晃螃蟹，它就会牺牲自己的爪子
Shake a crab hard enough and it will sacrifice its claw,
那是最好吃的部位
the tastiest bit.
但损失只是暂时的
But the loss is only temporary.
一个月之内 螃蟹就会长出新爪子
Within a month, the crab will have grown a new claw.
或许比以前的更大呢
Maybe even bigger than before.
对于这种喜欢陆地的鱼来说，人生就是一顿永无止境的蟹爪自助餐
For this land-loving fish, life is a never-ending crab-claw buffet.
向内陆前行，勒塞尔很快就变成了山区
Heading inland, Leuser quickly becomes mountainous.
这里的森林更加浓密
The forest here is much more impenetrable.
陡峭的群山为勒塞尔最濒危的生物，提供了最后一个避难所
Steep hills provide a last refuge to Leuser's most endangered creature...
也就是难得一见 小到惊人的
the rarely-glimpsed and surprisingly small
苏门答腊犀
Sumatran rhinoceros.
虽然只有1.2米高 它仍然有一吨♥重
Although only four feet tall, it still weighs a ton.
非常适合穿过灌木丛，寻找茂盛的枝叶
Perfect for bulldozing through thickets in search of lush foliage.
这些犀牛修剪植物的行为有益于森林
By pruning plants, these rhinos benefit the forest,
为新树的生长腾出空间
making room for new tree growth.
它们挖泥坑 这有利于它们在中午的炎热中保持凉爽
They dig out mud wallows, which help them stay cool in the midday heat...
同时也让很多邻居沾了光
...benefiting a range of neighbors.
所以犀牛数量越多，整个森林就越健康
So the more rhinos, the healthier the whole forest becomes.
非法狩猎和栖息地的丧失，导致野生犀牛的数量
Illegal hunting and habitat loss
减少到屈指可数
have reduced numbers to just a handful in the wild.
为了防止它们灭绝，护林员经常进行巡逻
To save them from extinction, rangers are constantly on patrol,
防止偷猎 并且把仅存的几头犀牛
deterring poachers
带到公园外圈养起来
and bringing the few remaining rhinos into captivity outside the park.
这些犀牛现在生活在戒备森严的大型自然围栏里
These rhinos now live in large, guarded natural enclosures...
在那里 繁殖计划希望将它们的后代
where a breeding program
放归勒塞尔
hopes to reintroduce their descendants into Leuser...
最终恢复雨林生活的平衡
and eventually restore the balance of rain forest life.
生活在这里的生物之间，有许多非同寻常的关系
There are many extraordinary relationships between the creatures that live here.
有些联♥系♥是我们刚刚才发现的
Some, we are only just discovering.
在勒塞尔山脚深处
Deep in Leuser's foothills,
其最小的居民在不知不觉中
one of its smallest inhabitants is unwittingly helped
得到了最大物种的帮助
by its largest.
那就是苏门答腊象
The Sumatran elephant.
它们行进时，开辟了一个数百公里长的路线网络
As they travel, they carve a network of pathways hundreds of miles long.
很多物种依靠这些路线，穿过茂密的丛林
Many species rely on these paths to get through the dense jungle.
但有一种居民比大多数物种，更依赖这些大象
But one resident depends on these elephants more than most.
那就是疣蛙
A wart frog.
虽然只有一只鸡蛋大小
She's only the size of a chicken's egg,
它有着非常敏锐的感官
but she has incredibly sharp senses.
人们认为 它利用肺部的特殊空洞
It's thought she detects vibrations of the approaching herd
探测正在靠近的象群产生的振动
using special cavities in her lungs.
你以为它会让开道路
You'd expect her to get out of the way.
但它却朝着象群进发
Instead, she heads towards them.
径直进入挤压区！
Straight into the crush zone!
但吸引它的并不是大象
But it's not the elephants themselves she's drawn to.
疣蛙的肚子里全是卵
The frog has a belly full of eggs,
它需要把卵产在静水中
and she needs to lay them in still water.
大象的脚印是完美的临时育婴室
The elephant's footprints make the perfect pop-up nursery.
它给自己的卵提供了最佳人生起点
She's given her eggs the best start in life
让它们慢慢孵化出来
and leaves them to hatch.
两周之内 它们就变成了蝌蚪
Within two weeks, they've become tadpoles.
但在它们变成幼蛙之前
But until they transform into froglets,
它们在被洪水淹没的脚印中生存，就会遭遇种种威胁
survival in their flooded footprint is under threat.
热带阳光很快就能把这些池塘晒干
The tropical sun can quickly dry out these pools.
所以 如果水位下降，这些蝌蚪就必须通过…
So, if water levels drop, these tadpoles must get themselves out of trouble...
把变形速度加快一倍 以摆脱困境
by doubling the speed of their transformation.
作为幼蛙 它们终于可以逃离 正在干涸的池塘
As froglets, they can finally escape the drying ponds.
前提是不被踩死
As long as they don't get squashed.
如果在树冠上生活 那危险系数更高
Up in the treetops, the stakes are even higher.
勒塞尔的许多动物已经掌握了在这里生活的技能
Many of Leuser's animals have mastered living up here.
但或许没有比托马斯叶猴更大胆的动物了
But perhaps none are more daring than the Thomas leaf monkey.
它们只在苏门答腊岛北部栖息
Found only in Northern Sumatra,
成群漫步 最多可达20只
they roam in groups of up to 20.
一只雄性猴子率领着这支队伍
One male leads the troop,
其余都是雌性猴子和幼猴
and the rest are females and young.
成年猴子极其敏捷
The adults are supremely agile.
它们能在树枝间穿梭
Able to zip around the branches,
轻松跳过很大的空隙
they can leap large gaps with ease.
但这只两岁的猴子，还在锻炼腿部肌肉的力量
But this two-year-old is still developing the strength in his leg muscles...
它不能像长辈那样自信地驾驭树冠
and he can't navigate the canopy with the confidence of his elders.
它的母亲过去常常带着它到处跑
His mother used to carry him everywhere,
但现在它有了一个新生儿
but she has a new baby.
这只小猴子现在必须闯出自己的一片天地
And the youngster must now find his own way in the world.
今天 它面临着一生中，最大的挑战之一
Today, he faces one of the biggest challenges of his life.
猴子队伍耗尽了这颗树上的补给
The troop have exhausted supplies in this tree,
不得不继续前进
so they have to move on.
但它们需要一下子跃出六米多远
But it will take a giant leap across a gap of more than 20 feet.
等同于从三层楼上跳下去
It's a three-story drop.
只要出一个错误 就有可能没命
One mistake could be fatal.
年长的猴子们花了很多年 完善如此远距离的跳跃技巧
The older monkeys have spent years perfecting such large jumps.
它们爬到最高的树枝上起跳
Climbing to the topmost branches, they launch...
操纵四肢 控制自己的下降
maneuvering their limbs to control their descent.
甚至肚子上挂着新生儿的母亲
Even Mom, with her new baby on her belly,
也优雅地跨越了这段距离
tackles the distance with grace.
接下来是两岁的小猴子
The two-year-old is up next.
但它实在太害怕
But it's all too much.
队伍里其他成员，在另一边享用盛宴的时候
With the rest of the troop feasting on the other side...
它被困在这里
...he's stranded.
妈妈不能来救它
Mom can't come to his rescue.
只有一个办法可以知道，它是否有能力跳过去
There's only one way to find out if he's got what it takes.
成功
Nailed it.
它将在成年之旅中，无数次巨大跳跃的第一次
The first of many such giant leaps he'll make on his journey to adulthood.
它得到了应得的奖励
And he gets a well-earned reward.
叶猴这样的动物
Animals like the leaf monkeys
有助于维持勒塞尔雨林的健康
help maintain the health of Leuser's rain forest,
它们在四处行动时，传播种子和天然肥料
spreading seeds and natural fertilizers as they move.
这里的每个物种都很重要
Every species here is important.
即使是潜伏在森床下
Even the smallest
黑暗地下世界里最小的动物
that lurk in the dark underworld of the forest floor.
树叶茂密的阴暗处是一种捕猎者的家
The leafy gloom is home to a hunter,
就是锤头虫
the hammerhead worm.
人们刚刚发现，这种有着独特条纹的扁虫
This species of flatworm with its distinctive bands
以至于还没给它起好名字
is so new it's yet to be named.