生命之色（2021）

Colour can be crucial in the lives of animals.
颜色对动物的生命来说至关重要
They use it to win a mate,
动物们用颜色来赢取配偶
to hide…
来躲藏…
and even to warn.
甚至发出警告
But to discover how animals themselves perceive colour
但是 想要发现动物本身如何感知颜色
is not easy.
并非易事
Making this series took ingenious experiments…
制♥作♥本系列纪录片需要独创性实验…
innovative camera systems…
创新的拍摄系统…
Look at that! That's extraordinary.
看那里！太棒了
…and lots of patience.
还有很多的耐心
Our camera team's task
我们摄影组的任务
was not only to film colour as we see it,
不仅是拍摄人类看到的颜色
but as animals do…
还包括动物看到的…
including colours that are invisible to our eyes.
包括那些我们看不见的颜色
And, as our climate changes,
随着气候不断变化
we worked with experts to understand the challenges
我们和专家合作 共同了解
that these changes cause
气候变化导致的种种挑战
and learn that colour can sometimes be part of the fight to survive.
并知道了颜色有时候会成为求生战斗的一部分
Our eyes enable us to see all the colours of the rainbow,
我们的眼睛可以看见彩虹的所有颜色
from red to violet.
从红色到紫色
But many animals can see colours beyond that spectrum.
但许多动物能看到的颜色比这更多
In the ultraviolet.
能看见紫外光
To capture their view of the world,we needed a highly specialised camera,
要想捕捉它们看到的世界,我们需要非常专业的相机
which I was able to see in action for myself
它让我在伦敦附近的一处花♥园♥里
in a flower garden near London.
亲自见识了一番
Cameraman Mark Payne-Gill
摄影师马克·佩恩-吉尔
showed me how it works.
向我展示了它的原理
Actually, it's quite simple.
其实 这挺简单
It's got one camera that sees in ordinary vision,
其中一台相机可以看到普通的景色
our colour world,
我们的彩色世界
and the other sees in ultraviolet,how an insect would see it.
另一台看到的是紫外线版本，也就是昆虫看到的世界
What's the basis of it?
它的基本原理是什么？
So the principle lies behind this filter here.
它的原理在于这里的滤镜
So it's an ultraviolet filter.
这是一个紫外线滤镜
It allows ultraviolet light to pass through it,
它可以穿透紫外线
它还能反射白光
但妙的地方在于
normal light,straight into this camera here,
正常光线会直接照向这台相机
which can see the world as we see it.
呈现出我们看到的世界
And the end product is then we can cut between the two of them as we will?
最终我们可以按照自己的想法将两者剪辑出来？
Exactly, and see how we see the world and how the insects see the world as well.
没错 同时展示出我们和昆虫们看到的世界
Okay, show me it in action.
好 给我演示一下吧
Okay, here we go.
好的 这就来了
The first picture you'll see is the white-light view,
你看到的第一张照片是白光模式
how we see the world.
也就是我们看到的世界
Yeah.
对
Then, there you go.
然后 像这样
There it is.-Very different.
-是这样啊-非常不同
It seems to have black marks on each of the petals.
每片花瓣上都有黑色的印记
We can't see those?That's right.
-是我们看不到的？-没错
When we look at our white-light view,it's just pure yellow,
当我们看向白光模式,花就是纯黄色的
but hidden in that is the ultraviolet.
但是藏在这里的部分要用紫外线来看
You think there's a lot more still out there to discover?
你觉得还有更多的东西等我们去发现吗？
I think there's an awful lot,
我觉得多到不行
but personally, I quite like the fact it remains a secret.
但个人来说,我还挺喜欢它们依然成谜的事实
Leave something for the children.Exactly, yeah.
-给孩子们留点东西-没错 对
Many birds, lizards,insects, and some fish
很多鸟类、蜥蜴、昆虫还有部分鱼类
can see ultraviolet,
都能看到紫外线
so they're often reacting to things that we can't see.
所以它们常常会对我们看不见的东西作出反应
Scientists are only just beginning to reveal
科学家们也是刚开始发现
how animals use these ultraviolet colours.
动物们如何利用这些紫外线颜色
Our Australian team joined a scientist
我们的澳大利亚团队和一位科学家进行了合作
who has been studying a small and unassuming butterfly,
他一直在研究一种小型又低调的蝴蝶
which has a secret trick.
它有秘密招数
Cameraman Ben Cunningham caught up with Dr. Darrell Kemp,
摄影师本·坎宁安
from Macquarie University,
和麦考瑞大学的达雷尔·坎普博士
at Coffs Harbour, New South Wales.
来到了新南威尔士州的科夫斯港
You got one already?
你已经抓到了一只？
I've caught this lovely male.-Look at that guy.
-我刚抓到了一只可爱的雄蝴蝶-看看这个家伙
Hypolimnas bolina. Yeah.
月亮蝴蝶 对
Also known as the blue moon butterfly.
也叫幻紫斑蛱蝶
Darrell studies mating displays in butterflies,
达雷尔研究的是蝴蝶的交♥配♥表现
and the blue moon butterfly has something special to show off about.
幻紫斑蛱蝶在这方面有值得拎出来的特别之处
That's fantastic in giving us a really great view
实在是太棒了我们能有一个非常好的角度
of the colour patch that we're interested in here.
去观察我们感兴趣的色彩斑点
The butterflies have iridescent blue patches,
这种蝴蝶长着色彩斑斓的蓝色斑点
which certainly look very pretty to our eyes.
在我们眼中自然是非常美丽
But their display is even more startling in the ultraviolet range
但是 在我们看不到的紫外线范围里
that we can't see.
它的模样甚至更令人吃惊
We're unfortunate in that regard.
人类在这方面很不幸
We miss out on a quarter of the brilliance of the natural world.
我们错过了自然世界里四分之一的颜色
Which is where our ultraviolet camera can help.
这就得用上我们的紫外线相机了
I'm excited to see what the camera can produce.
我很期待看看这台相机能拍出什么
It's almost going to allow us to get as close as possible
它几乎可以让我们尽可能地近距离
to understanding the full brilliance of these butterflies.
去理解这些蝴蝶的迷人色彩
the beam splitter camera needed to be assembled,
但是 首先要组装分光镜相机
and that wasn't exactly straightforward.
这可没那么简单
Fiddly, fiddly, fiddly.Where does this one go again?
麻烦了 这东西要放哪里来着？
It's amazing how complex a system needs to be
这套复杂的系统
in order for us to reconstruct quite simply what a butterfly can do
能让我们通过蝴蝶的普通视角
with its normal compound eye.
去重现它们视野,真是太厉害了
Finally,the camera was up and functioning.
终于 相机架起来工作了
And it gave Darrell a view of his butterflies
这让达雷尔感受了他从未见识过的
that he had never witnessed before.
蝴蝶视角
Here, it's almost like you have a beam of light
这里仿佛有一束光
being shone from the wing.
是从翅膀上发射出来
Because, really, those ultraviolet patches are little mirrors
因为这些紫外线斑块像是一面面小镜子
that essentially reflect the intensity of ultraviolet light
基本反射了太阳光中
that's coming from the sun.
紫外线的亮度
And, as a consequence,
作为结果
Darrell was able to see things
达雷尔认识到
crucial to his understanding of his butterfly's behaviour.
对他了解蝴蝶行为起到了关键作用
I'm excited by it because the ultraviolet part of the markings
我非常兴奋
of the male of this species
因为这个物种的雌蝴蝶
is really the critical thing that females are judging
在判断某只雄蝴蝶是否是理想交♥配♥对象时
The brighter the ultraviolet,
紫外线越亮
the more attractive the male.
雄蝴蝶就越有魅力
But this attractiveness comes at a cost.
但是这种魅力需要付出代价
And those markings,being as bright as they are,
那些明亮的斑纹
are likely to be equally apparent to the main predators of this species,
对它们的主要捕猎者们来说也会同样明显
which are birds.
比如鸟类
And birds, with their sharp eyes
鸟类的眼睛敏锐
that can see colours that we can't,
可以看到我们看不见的颜色
are quick to spot prey.
迅速捕捉到猎物
In some ways,
从某种角度来说
that's both the blessing and the curse of this colour patch for this species.
这个物种的彩色斑点是福祸相依
Yes, you need it to impress a female,
没错 它需要借助这个来吸引雌蝴蝶
but flying around with a really bright signal like that,
但带着那么明亮的信♥号♥♥飞来飞去
visible to birds,
鸟类也看得见
必须要承担的不幸
也是这些小家伙们
But, for the males,
但对雄蝴蝶来说
it's worth being the brightest of the bunch.
值得成为蝴蝶群中最鲜艳的一只
It's a male's sole goal to mate with females
雄蝴蝶的唯一目标就是和雌蝴蝶交♥配♥
and perpetuate his genes to the next generation.
将自己的基因延续到下一代身上
So, if by being bright, he's able to achieve two or three matings
所以 如果足够明亮，它就可以交♥配♥两三次
and then die, even at a young age,
然后死去 哪怕死得很早
that would be evolutionarily favoured.
在进化上也会有利
Even if he meets a grim death, it's success.
-就算不幸牺牲 也是一种成功-没错
Absolutely.
没错
The rocky hills of Northern India.
印度北部的岩石山丘
The open forests here are the hunting grounds
这片开阔的森林地区