进化的地球（2023）

Ah! And there are the eggs.
就在那里 沃伊拉
Right there. Voila.
大约有35个鸡蛋
And it's about 35 eggs.
它们不漂亮吗？
Aren't they beautiful?
卡米尔开始看到生存模式
[Shane] Camille starts to see a survival pattern
越过群山，
across the mountains,
整个蝴蝶群落在低海拔地区灭绝，
whole butterfly colonies dying out at lower elevations,
新的出现在更高的位置，
and new ones appearing higher up,
远离高温，走向凉爽的气候
moving away from the heat towards cooler climes.
蝴蝶在进化
[Camille] Butterflies are evolving
不同的处理方式
different adaptations to deal
随着温度的升高
with the increasing temperatures.
卡米尔的数据显示
[Shane] And Camille's data reveal that
蝴蝶不只是在向上移♥动♥
the butterflies aren't just moving up.
他们也在向北移♥动♥
They're also moving north, heading away
来自加热的赤道
from the heating equator.
向北约100公里
[Camille] About 100 kilometers northward
向上100米
and 100 meters upward
在大约30年、40年的时间里
over something like a 30-, 40-year period.
这是动物有反应的确凿证据
[Shane] This was hard evidence that animals were reacting
在气候科学家
to climate change at a time when climate scientists
只是得到了明确的数据
were only just getting clear data
地球正在升温
that the planet was heating up.
所以，是的，煤矿里的金丝雀
[Camille] So, yeah, the canary in the coalmine
世界正在发生巨大变化
that the world is changing massively.
[Shane]为了能够看到它
[Shane] To be able to actually, like, see it
第一次知道一些事情
for the first time, to know something
具有其他人都不知道的重要意义，
of such significance that no one else has ever known,
太不可思议了
that's pretty incredible.
这就是为什么我喜欢生物学
That's why I love biology.
10，9...
[man] 10, 9...
卡米尔为美国国家航♥空♥航♥天♥局的气候发现
[Shane] Camile's climate discovery for NASA
只是一个开始
was just the start.
[男子]4，3，2，1，0
[man] 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.
所有发动机都在运转
All engines running.
她的研究走向了世界...
[Shane] Her study went global...
和平流层
and stratospheric.
她开始收集任何动物的数据
She started collecting data on any animal
她可以在世界各地找到她的手，
she can get her hands on all over the world,
Camille发现了她观察的所有动物的50%
and Camille found 50% of all animals she looked at
因为气候变化而搬家
were on the move because of climate change.
我的意思是，50%是惊人的，
I mean, 50% is staggering,
它把科学界搞得四分五裂
and it blows the scientific community apart.
就像，“我们终于有了证据
[Camille] It's like, "Finally we've got proof
“气候变化正在影响野生物种，
"that climate change is affecting wild species,
这就像是硬核 “
and this is, like, hardcore."
一旦你亲眼看到，
Once you see it with your own eyes,
然后突然间它变成了现实
then suddenly it's real.
你知道，卡米尔是我心目中的英雄
[Shane] You know, Camille is a hero of mine.
你可以找到最强大的东西
You can find the most powerful things
在最无害、最随意、最令人惊讶的地方
in the most innocuous, random, surprising places.
亲爱的，干杯 真的干杯
[Camille] Honey, cheers. [Mike] Cheers indeed.
哇！太热了
Wow! that's hot.
哦，太好了
Oh, that's good.
多亏了蝴蝶
Thanks to the butterflies
做得这么好
for doing such a great job.
-当然-为我们下蛋
-Absolutely. -Laying eggs for us.
尤其是女孩们 哈
Especially the gals. Ha!
卡米尔现在是主要顾问
[Shane] Camille's now a major advisor
向各国政♥府♥通报全球气候变化
to governments on global climate change.
所以我经常会问：“我们为什么要在乎？”
[Camille] So I often get, "Why should we care?"
[Shane]她要说的话值得倾听
[Shane] And what she has to say is worth listening to.
你知道，我们深爱的一切
You know, everything that we love dearly was
出生于稳定的气候，
born out of a stable climate,
我们破坏了它，破坏了社会的基础
so as we destabilize it, the foundations of society
依赖于稳定的气候
that are reliant on a stable climate
将开始恶化，
will start to deteriorate,
我们已经开始看到了
and we're already starting to see that.
会不会太晚了？
Will it be too late?
这是一个价值百万美元的问题
That's the million-dollar question.
地球上的生命将继续
Life on Earth will continue.
人类还会继续吗？可能不会
Will humans continue? Probably not.
那应该让我们都坐起来倾听
[Shane] That should make us all sit up and listen.
保护和恢复生态系统
[Camille] Preserving and restoring ecosystems
是我们发现的
is what we found out is going to be
应对气候变化的真正基础
a real foundation for combating climate change.
我们所需要的只是前进，土地，
All we need is the go-ahead, the land,
以及公众对此的支持
and the support of the public to do this.
这仍然让我有点震惊
[Shane] It still kind of blows my mind
一只小小的昆虫怎么能告诉我们这么多，
how one tiny insect can tell us so much,
它只是展示了即使是最小的哨兵
and it just goes to show how even the smallest sentinels
值得关注
are worth keeping an eye on.
有时，昆虫不仅仅是信使
And sometimes, insects aren't just the messengers.
他们可以在变化中发挥作用
They can play a part in the changes
发生在我们周围
happening all around us.
为了看到这一点，我们派出了团队
To see this in action, we sent our team
到北美巨大的松林...
to North America's huge pine forests...
如此之大，以至于它们横跨整个大♥陆♥，
so big they reach across the continent,
一直延伸到北极圈
stretching into the Arctic Circle
以及世界各地
and around the world.
这些树是一个巨大的
These trees are the base of a vast
复杂的生命网络...
and intricate network of life...
但他们正日益受到威胁
But they're increasingly under threat.
在平衡系统中，
In a balanced system,
树木不断受到来自各个角度的攻击
trees are constantly under attack from every angle.
[鸟叫]
[bird calling]
这是自然循环...
This is the natural cycle...
但现在有一只动物向我们展示了这种平衡是多么脆弱...
but now one animal is showing us how fragile this balance is...
即使是气候的微小变化
and that even the tiniest shift in climate
可以启动一连串的地震事件
can set in motion a seismic chain of events.
我说的不是瘟疫
And I'm not talking about a plague
像熊一样的东西
of something like bears.
这个故事的核心是一些小得多的东西
Something much smaller is at the heart of this story.
原产于北美，
Native to North America,
对这片森林来说，它是一个相对较新的物种
it's a relative newcomer to this forest.
米粒大小
The size of a grain of rice.
山松甲虫
The mountain pine beetle.
每年夏天，雌性都会出现并狩猎
Each summer, females emerge and hunt
让一棵新的洛奇波尔松树钻进去产卵
for a new lodgepole pine tree to burrow into and lay eggs.
[刮擦]
[scratching]
它们通常攻击较弱、较老的树木...
They typically attack the weaker, older trees...
因为松树可以打架，分泌有毒的粘液
because the pines can put up a fight, secreting a toxic goop.
一旦她冲破树皮，这只雌性就会发出
Once she's broken through the bark, this female sends
将信息素释放到空气中
out pheromones into the air, chemical signals that
叫更多的甲虫来帮助她压倒这棵树
call in more beetles to help her overwhelm the tree.
这将给她一个更好的产卵机会
This will give her a better chance of laying her eggs.
当她等待其他人来的时候，
While she waits for the others to come,
她跳回洞里
she dives back into her hole.
这个没什么
[woman] Nothing on this one.
生物学家Antonia Musso
[Shane] Biologist Antonia Musso
告诉我们虫子是她的第一份也是最真挚的爱
told us bugs are her first and truest love.
可能是我们能看到的最好的方式
[Antonia] Probably the best way that we can see
我们生活中的气候变化是动物移♥动♥的方式，
climate change in our lives is how animals are moving,
在我们的有生之年，
and we're seeing it right now in our lifetimes,
它发生得如此之快，真是太疯狂了
and it's wild how fast it's happening.
啊，但是这里的这个肯定被击中了
Ah, but this one over here has definitely been hit.
树会产生一大团树脂，
The trees produce this big blob of resin,
嗯，这就是甲虫进入树组织的地方
um, so this is where the beetle has entered the tree tissue.
这时甲虫正在与树搏斗
The beetle is fighting against the tree at this point.
这基本上是战场
It's basically, yeah, the battleground.
这棵树总是会在战斗中获胜