进化的地球（2023）

than on the mainland...
只是更少的活动部件，对吧？
just fewer moving parts, right?
所以，在南乔治亚这样的岛屿上，
So, on an island like South Georgia,
更容易发现像老鼠这样的问题，
it's easier to spot a problem like the rats,
理解并修复它
understand it, and fix it.
我们越了解这种力量
The more we understand the power
和大自然的韧性，我们能提供的帮助就越多
and resilience of nature, the more we can help
我们不断变化的星球会自行修复...
our changing planet fix itself...
或者，更准确地说，修复我们对它所做的一切
or, more precisely, fix what we've done to it.
在更大、更不偏远的岛屿上，
On islands that are bigger and less remote,
画面变得更加复杂...
the picture becomes more complex...
因为人类也生活在这些地方，对吧？
because humans also live in these places, right?
我的意思是，我们在很大程度上是生态系统的一部分
I mean, we're very much part of the ecosystem.
在某种程度上，这些是最重要的
In a way, these are the most important
所有岛屿实验室
island laboratories of all.
我们的团队前往桑给巴尔，
Our team headed to Zanzibar,
在坦桑尼亚海岸，在小径上
off the coast of Tanzania, on the trail
一个有着不可思议故事的动物...
of an animal with an incredible story...
正是因为
one that comes about precisely because
动物不同寻常的关系
of the animal's unusual relationship
和住在这里的人在一起
with the people that live here.
当我要去天然森林的时候，
[Man] When I'm going to the natural forest,
真的，对我来说，我感到很高兴
really, for me, I feel pleasure.
[鸟鸣]呵呵！
[Birds chirping] Heh heh!
听起来不错
That's a good sound.
[猴子叽叽喳喳]
[Monkey chittering]
当地环保人士
[Campbell-Staton] Local conservationist
姆巴罗克·穆萨·奥马尔同意担任我们的向导
Mbarouk Moussa Omar agreed to be our guide.
他想向我们展示
He wanted to show us how intricately
自然世界与我们自己的生活息息相关
the natural world is tied up with our own lives.
[Mbarouk]森林发挥着重要作用
[Mbarouk] The forests have a big role
在我们的日常生活中
in our daily life.
你可以找到食物、药品和淡水
You can find food, medicine, and freshwater.
森林或树木是有生命的
Forests or trees is alive.
这片森林是一个
[Campbell-Staton] This forest is home to one
世界上最稀有的灵长类动物...
of the rarest primates in the world...
[猴子尖叫]
[Monkeys screeching]
桑给巴尔红疣猴
the Zanzibar red colobus monkey.
[Mbarouk]你在世界任何地方都找不到
[Mbarouk] You cannot find anywhere around the world
桑给巴尔除外
except in Zanzibar.
他们的饮食就是叶子
[Campbell-Staton] Their diet is just leaves
和未成熟的果实
and unripe fruit.
这很难消化，
That's hard to digest,
所以这意味着他们喜欢放松
so it means they like to take it easy.
不管怎样，成年人
Well, the adults, anyway.
对于像我这样的局外人来说，
To an outsider like me,
这看起来像热带天堂
this looks like a tropical paradise.
但猴子们在森林里的家园正在缩小
But the monkeys' forest home is shrinking.
姆巴鲁克告诉我们人类
Mbarouk told us humans
已经摧毁了60%
have destroyed 60%
桑给巴尔的森林
of Zanzibar's forests.
这是我们在世界各地看到的一个故事
It's a story we're seeing across the world.
我们已经摧毁了1/3
We've destroyed 1/3
地球原始森林，
of the planet's original forests,
其中一半是在过去的100年里
and half of that was in the last 100 years.
[Mbarouk]这意味着现在，
[Mbarouk] It means that now,
对猴子来说，什么都没有
for the monkey, there's nothing.
所以猴子们在移♥动♥...
[Campbell-Staton] So the monkeys are on the move...
进入人类世界...
entering the human world...
突袭庄稼
to raid crops.
现在，你可能会认为一片叶子很像另一片叶子，
Now, you might think that one leaf is much like another,
但养殖植物的叶子带来了一个真正的问题
but leaves from farmed plants pose a real problem.
叶子，就像这棵芒果树上的叶子
Leaves, like on this mango tree
从印度进口，可能含有毒素...
imported from India, can contain toxins...
像氰化物...
like cyanide...
让猴子生病
that make the monkeys ill.
现在你可能会问：“他们怎么还在这里？”
Now you might ask: "How come they're still here?"
故事有一个转折点
And there is a twist to the story.
红疣猴对这一变化做出了回应
The red colobus monkeys have responded to the change
通过开♥发♥一种非凡的生存技术
by developing an extraordinary survival technique.
[火焰噼里啪啦]
[Flames crackling]
[动物叽叽喳喳]
[Animals chittering]
他们的把戏...
Their trick...
深入人类世界...
head further into the human world...
找到什么
to find something
完全出乎意料
totally unexpected.
现在，这件事非常重要
Now, this thing is so important
他们愿意冒着生命危险，
that they are willing to risk their lives,
挑战
running the gauntlet.
【交通拥堵】
[Traffic rushing]
[猴子尖叫]
[Monkey screeching]
木炭
Charcoal.
他们似乎就是受够了
It seems like they just can't get enough of it.
我以前从未听说过这种疯狂的行为，
Now, I'd never heard of this crazy behavior before,
但事实证明，这些猴子是在自我治疗
but it turns out the monkeys are self-medicating.
木炭实际上是在中和毒素
The charcoal is actually neutralizing the toxins
在他们的胃里
in their stomachs.
尽管看起来很恶心，但吃木炭是件好事
As nasty as it looks, eating charcoal is something
当我们拥有你所说的东西时，我们人类也会这样做
we humans also do when we've got what you call
坏脾气
bad guts.
我们只是以药丸的形式做
We just do it in pill form.
我们不知道猴子是怎么想出来的，
We have no idea how the monkeys figured this out,
但在某种程度上，他们天生的好奇心
but at some point, their inherent curiosity
智慧汇集在一起
and intelligence came together.
他们学习并传承了这些知识
They learned, and passed this knowledge down
从一代到下一代...
from one generation to the next...
[小猴子呜咽]
[Baby monkey whimpering]
即使有时它看起来像是艰难的爱情
even if sometimes it looks like tough love.
这是动物应对的另一个令人惊讶的故事
It's another surprising story of animals coping
在一个越来越不狂野的世界里
in a world that's becoming less wild
越来越人性化
and increasingly human.
不过，我必须承认，事实并非如此
I've got to confess, though, this isn't actually
姆巴鲁克邀请我们去桑给巴尔看这个故事
the story Mbarouk invited us to Zanzibar to see.
他想给我们看一个更戏剧化的故事
He wanted to show us a more dramatic story
一个关于我们的希望
of hope, one about us
以及我们与地球的关系
and our relationship with the planet.
[Mbarouk聊天]
[Mbarouk chatting]
[Campbell Staton]这是一个关于我们如何应对的故事
[Campbell-Staton] It's a story about how we can take
我们从桑给巴尔这样的岛屿实验室学到了什么
what we learn from an island laboratory like Zanzibar
并将其应用于世界其他地区
and apply it to the rest of the world.
在某种程度上，这是一个关于我们自身发展的故事
In a way, it's a story of our own development
以及我们也需要如何改变我们的行为
and about how we too need to change our behavior
让人类回归自然
and put humans back into nature.
[两人都说母语]
[Both speaking native language]
姆巴鲁克带我们去看红树林
[Campbell-Staton] Mbarouk took us to see mangrove forests
沿着海岸线
along the coastline.
通常情况下，他们会像这样保护村庄
Normally, they shield villages like this
海平面上升
from rising seas.
[说母语的女性]
[Woman speaking native language]
[Campbell Staton]但今天，防护罩被拆除了
[Campbell-Staton] But today, the shields are down.
老妇人说
[Mbarouk] The old woman said that high level
海水污染是个问题
of seawater is a problem.
水，海水，每满月都会来，
The water, seawater, is coming every full moon,
正在来到这个地区
is coming unto this area.
[远处的牛在鸣叫]
[Distant cattle lowing]
[Mbarouk]当人们砍伐红树林时，
[Mbarouk] When people cut the mangrove,
问题开始了
the problem started.
[Mbarouk]所有这些都是红树林，但现在是
[Mbarouk] All of this was a mangrove, but now is
死去的红树林 人们，他们切到这里，
a dead mangrove. People, they cut here,
寻找木柴，
for--looking for firewoods,
所以现在还是开放的土地