宇宙（2007）

The Universe S05E01

Part 6 April 22, 2021, 1:48 p.m.

it's not boiling hot
地球既不会出现铄石流金的高温
and nor is it freezing cold.
也不会出现冰天雪地的低温
It's just at the right distance from the sun
地球与太阳的距离适中
to be a very moderate temperature that supports life.
使地球温度适宜有利于生命体的发展
For another thing,
再比如说
it's not completely a water world
地球既不完全被水所覆盖
nor is it completely a dry desert either.
也不完全被♥干♥燥的沙漠所覆盖
It's got just the right mix of land and ocean
水陆配合相得益彰
to support a wide variety of species.
进而支持多种生物的发展
Science is now getting closer
科学通过研究
to solving the mystery of how life got started
地球的形成过程
by retracing the steps of our planet's formation.
逐渐揭开了生命起源的神秘面纱
4.6 billion years ago,
46亿年前
In the swirling disk of debris
太阳形成的过程中
left over from the formation of our newborn sun,
遗留了许多相互绕转的碎片
gas and dust particles
气体和尘埃粒子
began to clump together.
开始聚集在一起
They eventually formed large boulders made of rock and ice
最终形成巨大的岩石和冰川
that we see today as asteroids and comets.
就如今天的小行星和彗星
For millions of years,
几百万年前
these bodies collided
这些天体相撞
and coalesced to form planets.
然后又组合形成行星
During this birthing process,
地球需要一些特殊物质
Earth acquired some special properties.
才能完成这样的形成过程
One unique feature on Earth
地球独有的特征
is abundant liquid water.
就是有丰富的水资源
It is thought that the earliest volcanoes
被认为是早期火山爆发时形成的
spewed out massive amounts of steam,
大量水蒸气
which condensed into rain
凝结成雨
and supplied the planet with water.
从而滋润了整个星球
But recently, new sources of water have been suggested.
但最近对于水的来源又有了新的说法
Some of that water
有些水源
might have come from comets
可能是来自彗星
or some of the water might have come
有些水源可能是来自
from an outer Belt of Asteroids
小行星带外♥围♥
that was rich in water.
那里富含水汽
In other words, some of the water
换句话说有些水源
could have come from the rocks
甚至可能来自陨石
that made the Earth near the end
就是宇宙大爆♥炸♥后
of this Era of Heavy Bombardment.
形成地球的陨石
And water appears to be a key component for the origin of life.
水源的出现是生命起源的关键
It was previously theorized
理论认为
that life began in a primordial soup,
生命起源于原始水洼中
a warm pond containing energy and atmospheric elements
温暖的水汽中含有大量能源和大气成分
to make Amino Acids.
从而形成氨基酸
However, the most recent pioneering research makes a strong claim
然而最近的开创性研究宣称
that the Earth's own chemical energy
地球自身拥有的化学能源
and rich proteins seeped up
及丰富蛋白质
through hydrothermal vents deep under the ocean.
通过大洋深处的喷口渗透出来
Over time, this mixture
随着时间的推移这些混合物
jump-started life
产生了细胞生命
by producing living cells.
从而加速了生命的形成
We know that liquid water
众所周知
is essential to life,
水是生命之源
and life probably got started in a water environment,
生命可能产生于水中
whether it's in the deep ocean at the volcanic vents
究竟是产生于大洋深处的火山喷发
or in a shallow pond,
还是浅洼中
We don't really know
我们无法得知
where and how precisely life got started here.
生命是从哪里起源是怎样形成的
But it did.
但是地球产生了生命
And it's the only planet that we know
地球是唯一我们所知
where life actually exists.
存在生命的星球
Regardless of how life started,
不论生命是怎样形成的
a fortunate event
一次巧合
made it possible for complex creatures to evolve.
使得生命向复杂进化成为可能
About 3 billion years ago,
大约30亿年前
ancient underwater bacteria
原始的地下水细菌为了生存
began to use water, Carbon Dioxide and the sun's energy
开始利用水二氧化碳太阳能
to produce Carbohydrates in order to survive.
化合生成碳水化合物
This process, called Photosynthesis,
这个过程被称作光合作用
injected vast amounts of oxygen into seawater,
光合作用形成的氧气溶解进海水中
and eventually, our atmosphere.
并逐渐形成今日的大气层
A huge step happened in evolution
生命不断进化
when the Earth got polluted with oxygen.
地球也逐渐被氧气包围
We didn't start with a rich oxygen atmosphere!
地球形成伊始大气中并没有充足的氧气
But later,
但是后来
the oxygen atmosphere that developed on Earth, basically from Photosynthesis,
光合作用不断产生氧气
allowed life to get a lot more complex.
促使生命体愈加复杂
After a few billion years of planetary
地球数十亿年间持续发展
and biological evolution,
生物也不断进化
the first plants and animals emerged from water on to land.
动植物也渐渐向陆地发展
It's estimated
据估计
that modern humans came onto the scene
现代人类历史
a mere 200,000 years ago,
仅仅20多万年
and with our evolution came the technological revolution of the planet.
人类的进化也伴随着技术革命
From ancient man-made monuments
从古代人建造的遗迹
to bustling metropolitan cities,
到如今繁华的都市
Human Beings changed the way
人类开始从空间和地域上
Earth looks on the ground and from space.
改变地球的面貌
The Earth's surface has started to be modified
地球的面貌
very significantly by cities,
受到人类城市建设的影响
by human activity.
发生了翻天覆地的变化
We're part of the Earth.
人类只是地球的一部分
We've created all these changes on its surface.
我们改变了地球的原本样貌
And so, the Earth's geology,
从深层意义来说
in some deep sense,
地球的地质情况
has been radically altered
因为城市的出现
by the appearances of cities,
因为人类在地球上修建的大小建筑
by the appearances of all the things that we do on the surface,
已经被彻底改变
and that's something that's remarkable,
这尤其需要注意
and which, as far as we know,
据我们所知
is not happening anywhere else.
别的星球还没有过这种变化
Certainly, it's not happening anywhere else in our own Solar System.
太阳系其他星球上更没有过
Our cosmic tour has taken us
我们已经探索了
to seven wondrous sights,
七大奇观
the Icy Geyser-Laden Moon, Enceladus,
土卫二间歇性冰泉
Saturn's sensational rings,
土星美丽的光环
Jupiter's Great Red Spot,
木星大红斑
the largest volcano, Olympus Mons,
最大的火山火星奥林帕斯山
the mysterious Asteroid Belt
神秘的小行星带
And our stormy sun.
以及炙热的太阳
But this unforgettable adventure
这些难忘的冒险中
would not have been possible without our home planet, Earth,
可不能缺了我们家园地球的身影
A place with endless possibilities.
这里一切皆有可能
Over the last century,
上个世纪
humans have manufactured metals and other materials
人类已经冶炼出金属以及其他材料
from our planet's crust to build spacecraft.
用于建造宇宙飞船
Our technology will enable us to blast off
先进技术使得我们
to explore the other wonders.
可以探索太空奇观
We'll be able to marvel at these distant domains,
我们惊叹于这些遥远的奇观
and realize that we're part of a much wider cosmic world.
更意识到自己是广袤宇宙一部分
These awe-inspiring phenomena allow us to ponder
巍巍奇观发人深省
who are we and why we are here.
我们究竟是谁又从何而来
In this magnificent place,
这片壮丽天地
we call the Universe.
便是宇宙