我们的生物世界（2024）

不可思议的是
Amazingly,
一只飞狐能给50种不同的树种传粉
each flying fox can pollinate 50 different species of tree...
而且一天晚上能播数千个种子
and spread thousands of seeds in a single night.
甚至在这悉尼的公园里
Even here in Sydney's parks,
也能看到 他们帮助大自然恢复健康的踪迹
there are signs that they are nursing nature back to health.
过一段时间后 如果这些蝙蝠能回到他们的野生家园
Over time, if these bats can return to their wilderness home...
这一庞大的种树空军
...this vast tree-planting air force...
会帮助他们失去的森林重获生机
could help regrow their lost forest anew.
地球上的野生环境状态越健康
The healthier the Earth's wild places,
它们就越能让我们所有人都受益
the harder they work to the benefit of us all...
因为健康的野生环境能保护 我们呼吸的空气和我们饮用的水
...protecting the air we breathe and the water we drink.
我们整个星球未来的健康状况
The future health of our entire planet
也许会取决于 大自然的最后一个强大的据点
may rest with nature's last great strongholds...
以及那里的至关重要的栖息者
...and their most important inhabitants.
这位祖母需要养活日益增多的家人
This grandmother has a growing family to support.
每一个新生幼崽都是一种祝福
Every new baby, a blessing.
但这也意味着 多了一个需要养活的家人
But also another mouth to feed.
森林象对营养的需求很高
Forest elephants have demanding nutritional needs.
而他们能吃进肚子里的牧草数量有限
And there's only so much grass you can stomach.
值得庆幸的是 非洲最大的药房♥
So, it's just as well she has Africa's biggest drugstore
就在她家门口
right on her doorstep.
刚果热带雨林
The Congo rainforest.
推土机般庞大的身躯 穿过茂密的灌木丛
Bulldozing their way through the dense undergrowth
速度很慢
is slow-going.
但还有一个更快的办法
But there's a quicker way.
一条路
A path.
她的祖先代代都曾走过同样的路线
Generations of her ancestors have walked these same routes...
因此就出现了 数千公里长的适合大象体格的走道
creating thousands of miles of elephant-sized corridors...
这能让他们更轻松地沿着通道游览
...making it far easier to browse the aisles.
这条路通往
And this path leads...
森林的药房♥
...to a forest pharmacy.
黏土富含盐分和矿物质
The clay is rich in salts and minerals...
能帮助他们顺利熬过酷热的天气
that help them survive the sweltering heat.
就像等渗饮料那样
Like an isotonic mud drink.
但要变得身强力壮 她和她的家人需要新鲜的维他命
But to grow big and strong, this family needs fresh vitamins.
这位祖母知道 各种能找到维他命的诀窍
And Grandma knows every trick in the book to find them.
大象能听到低频率声音
Elephants can hear some of the lowest frequencies
不管是什么动物发出的
of any animal.
他们甚至还可以用敏感的脚垫
And they can even use the sensitive pads of their feet
探测到极为微弱的震动
to pick up the faintest of tremors.
那是新鲜水果落地的声音
And that is the sound of fresh fruit hitting the shop floor.
这位祖母知道是在哪个方向
Grandma has a bearing...
且知道能最快到那里的路线
and she knows the quickest route there.
在寻找健康食物的路途中
And in their quest for a healthy diet,
不管她和她的家人在哪里漫游
wherever this family roams,
他们都能让这片森林变得更健康
they also boost the forest's health.
一头大象到处留下富含矿物质的堆肥 其重量加起来超过90多公斤
Each elephant spreads over 200 pounds of mineral-rich compost...
他还每天给 好几公里的灌木丛修剪杂草
...and weeds out several miles of choking undergrowth... every single day...
这为森林里生长缓慢的树苗
...which gives the forest's slow-growing saplings
提供一个能长成大树的机会
the chance they need to transform into giants.
能拯救我们所有人的大树
Giants with the power to help save us all.
当人类增加大气中的二氧化碳含量时
As humans drive up the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere,
由大象培育出来的这颗强大的树
this mighty elephant-grown tree
帮助降低二氧化碳含量
is drawing it down.
接着它会表演各种大自然的伟大魔术
It then performs one of nature's greatest magic tricks.
它通过利用 照射在自己叶片上的阳光之能量
Transforming carbon dioxide into sugars
将二氧化碳转化为糖分
through the power of sunlight on its leaves.
从而把那些导致地球变暖的碳素
Locking planet-warming carbon safely away
安全锁定在它的树枝 树干和树根里
into its branches, trunk, and roots.
大象的园艺工作使得非洲的热带树木
The work of gardening elephants allows Africa's tropical trees
每年额外清楚十亿吨♥碳素
to draw down an extra billion tons of carbon every single year.
这些巨大的树能帮助我们 逆转二氧化碳水平趋势
These giants could help us turn the tide on rising carbon dioxide levels...
而且还可以缓解气候变化问题
...and actually fight climate change.
这成为可能归功于这位祖母 可她只是为了保持家人的健康
While Grandma simply searches for what she needs
寻找所需的东西而已
to keep her family healthy.
然而在过去的30年里
But in the last 30 years,
盗猎行为让我们失去了 四分之三的非洲森林象
we have lost three-quarters of Africa's forest elephants to poaching.
由于我们星球上不剩多少 依然完好无损的野生环境
With so little of our planet's wilderness still intact,
我们比以往任何时候 都更需要野生动物的存在
we need its wildlife now more than ever.
自然界最伟大的治疗师 正在我们眼前逐渐消失
Nature's greatest healers are disappearing on our watch.
对地球的健康帮助最大的物种
Species that do most for our planet's health
正是那些面临着 最严重的灭绝危机的物种
are amongst those most at risk of extinction.
由于一切事物 都与庞大的生命之网相连
And as everything is connected to the vast web of life,
我们很快就会迎来与他们同样的命运
their fate could soon become ours.
可要是我们能帮助这些重要的动物
But what if we could help some of these vital animals...
重新崛起呢
to rise again?
赛加羚羊
Saiga antelope.
曾有数以百万计的羚羊漫游在 横跨欧洲和中国的大草原上
They once roamed the steppe from Europe to China in their millions.
他们吃草
Grazing
并传播种子
and spreading seeds,
过去 他们连续几千年 通过这种方式保护了世界最大的草原
these nomads maintained the world's biggest grassland for millennia.
直到1990年代
Until the 1990s,
猖獗的盗猎 对他们的兽群造成了毁灭性的影响
when rampant poaching devastated their herds.
他们的数量骤减 减少速度快于历史上任何哺乳动物
Their numbers fell faster than any mammals in history.
随着食草动物的消失
And as the grazers disappeared,
有赖于他们的草原也消失了
so too did the grasslands that depended on them.
但十年后
But a decade later,
赛加羚羊所在范围内的 打猎行为被全面禁止
saiga hunting was banned throughout their range.
大草原的未来
The future of the steppe rested
就会取决于几个幸存者 是否能逆转灭绝危机了
on whether a few survivors could come back from the brink.
一线新希望
A new hope.
一个变成三个
And one becomes three.
明日的食草者做好漫游草原的准备了
Tomorrow's grazers ready to roam.
谢天谢地 他们不是孤例
And thankfully, they are not alone.
其他赛加羚羊妈妈们也聚集在育哺场
Other saiga mothers have gathered at the nursery grounds.
一岁时 她们就能生双胞胎
At a year old, they give birth to twins,
三胞胎也可以
and even triplets.
所以一年一度的婴儿潮 使他们的数量增加了近两倍
So with each yearly baby boom, the herds nearly double in size.
在短短20年里
In just 20 years,
他们从几千只幸存者变成了百万大军
a few thousand survivors have become a force a million strong.
新一代已经准备好 找回他们祖先的家园了
This new generation is ready to reclaim their ancestral home.
他们每年行军数千公里
Marching for thousands of miles every year.
不管走到哪里 都会为那里的草原注入生机
Breathing life into the grassland wherever they spread.
为这里的所有生物 保障光明的大草原的未来
And securing the future of the steppe for everyone who lives here.
科学家们计算出 帮助20种大型哺乳动物回归大自然
Scientists have calculated that supporting the return of just 20 large mammal species
能让地球上四分之一的土地复苏
could help revive nearly a quarter of all the land on Earth.
所以现在有一个 覆盖70多个国家的全球性运动
So today, a movement is gathering pace across more than 70 countries worldwide...
旨在把那些受到破坏的野生环境 重新转交给其天然的守护者
to hand damaged landscapes back to their natural caretakers
这一运动叫做“野化”运动
in a process called "rewilding."
阿根廷的伊贝拉湿地
In Argentina's Iber谩Wetlands,
这里四千多平方公里的沼泽地 林地
over a million acres of swamps, forests,
和草原曾容纳了4000多个物种
and grasslands once thronged with over 4,000 species.
但数世纪以来的牧场经营 驱逐了这里的野生动物
But centuries of cattle ranching drove out the wildlife
导致这片丰裕的草地濒临崩溃…
leaving this rich tapestry at risk of collapse...
直到千禧年之交
...until the turn of the millennium...
我们开始努力把这片土地 归还于大自然时才有好转
when work began to hand this land back to nature.
但现在 有一个物种 正阻碍着此地完整的恢复进程
But now, one species is standing in the way of complete recovery.
牛羊没了 现在水豚群填充了他们的空位
With the cattle gone, clans of capybara are filling the vacuum.
体重超过45公斤的啮齿动物
Hundred-pound rodents...
把所有新长出来的嫩芽统统给割断
mowing down any new shoots that try to grow.
也就是说 伊贝拉的恢复之路正走下坡路
Which means Iber谩's recovery has hit the skids.
这些巨型豚鼠倒看起来毫无忧虑
Not that these giant guinea pigs seem worried.
他们很悠闲
They're so laid back...
身体还横过来了
...they're horizontal.
但这一切都将会改变
But all that is about to change.
这围栏里住着 南美洲最凶猛的捕食动物
This pen holds one of South America's most feared predators...
70年前 他们在这里捕猎
...hunted out here over 70 years ago.
这只获救的美洲豹可以解决水豚问题
This rescued jaguar could solve the capybara conundrum.
她所面临的挑战 是喂养她的双胞胎女儿
While her challenge is feeding her twin daughters.
现在 一切都要看 这位杀手是否能学会捕猎…
Everything now hinges on whether this killer can learn to hunt...