黄石公园（2009）

before the snow closes in again.
疯狂过程
They're a part of a community of small mammals
他们是生活在这边缘的
which live life on the edge up here.
小型哺乳动物社区中的一员
Carefully chosen plants are harvested and dried in haystacks
在干草堆里精心挑选被收获晾干的植物
before being stored below ground.
然后将其储存于地下
This larder must be over 50 times the pika's bodyweight
为了度过冬天鼠兔贮藏的食物
to get it through winter.
要超过它体重的50倍
The summer is so short up here
山上的夏天如此短暂
that few animals can permanently live any higher.
极少有动物能长♥期♥居住在更高的地方
But higher is exactly where the bears are heading,
但熊正越过树林线
above the tree line
朝着山峰上光秃秃的岩石
towards the barren rocks of the peaks beyond.
往更高处前进
It seems an unlikely journey for an animal led by its stomach.
对于一只以食为天的动物来说似乎是一次不太可能的旅程
Why they do this will only become apparent
当夏天结束的时候他们这么做的原因
as the summer draws to its close.
终于明朗了
Meanwhile, 2,000 feet below them on the Yellowstone plateau
此时 在他们下方2000英尺黄石公园高地上
the grasslands are facing drought.
草地正面临着干旱
Bison calves are more independent of their mothers.
小野牛更独♥立♥了
The adults' focus is now set on a ruthless competition to mate.
现在成年野牛正为交♥配♥而进行面一场无情的竞争
A male bids to enter a herd with females in season.
一头公牛力图加入一个有雌性的群体
He uses dust to accentuate all his size and power.
他扬起尘土来展示他的体型和力量
Another male already established in the herd
另外一只已经在群体里确立了地位的公牛
answers the display.
回敬他的表演
And waits.
等着他的挑战
The newcomer responds by scent marking and moving even closer.
新来者以留下气味印记作回应并越靠越近
This challenge cannot be tolerated.
这种挑战不能容忍♥的
The resident male has won.
地主获胜了
Having seen off his rival,
赶走他的对手后
next summer's calves will likely be his.
下一个夏天 产下的小牛多数是他的
Victory in the dust of high summer.
盛夏尘土里的胜利
But now there is a larger challenge to the whole of Yellowstone.
现在整个黄石公园面临一个更大的挑战
These clouds don't signal rain.
这些云并非下雨的信♥号♥♥
They are vast smoke plumes.
它们是巨大的烟柱
Yellowstone is burning.
黄石公园在燃烧
Throughout the summer,
整个夏天
the dry lodgepole pines have become like a tinder box
干燥的黑松把森林变成一个火柴盒
and lightning has struck the match.
而闪电把火柴点燃
The worst wild fires will burn for weeks.
最大规模的一场野火可燃烧数个星期之久
In 1988, a third of Yellowstone burnt in a single summer.
1988年 一个夏天里黄石公园烧掉了三分之一
Devastation.
毁灭
Animals that depend on these forests will starve this winter.
靠这些森林维生的动物将会在这个冬天遭受饥荒
But Yellowstone itself has a longer perspective.
但对黄石公园长远来说也不见得是坏事
Ashes fertilise the soil and fire opens it up to sunlight.
灰烬让土壤变肥沃且大火让它们得以见天日
As the forests regenerate,
当森林重新生长
new life finds opportunity.
新的生命将获得机会
In August, fledgling hummingbirds gorge in fields of fireweed
在八月 羽翼未丰的小蜂鸟在森林灰烬中重生出的
that have risen from the forest's ashes.
杂草地里狼吞虎咽
For them the summer is already nearly over.
对他们而言夏天几近结束了
They must chase the sun south before winter returns.
在冬天到来前他们将向南追逐太阳
But just as the first of Yellowstone's new generation are preparing to leave,
可正当黄石公园第一个新生代准备离开
its last visitors are arriving.
它的最后一批访客正在到达
Night after night,
一晚上一晚上地
army cutworm moths have been escaping the heat of a distant prairie.
地老虎蛾大军逃离遥远草原的热浪
They have been flying in on favourable winds,
他们顺风飞舞
hiding away in rock crevices in the mountains.
躲藏到山上的岩石裂缝中
This is why the grizzly bears climb to the barren peaks.
这就是灰熊要攀上光秃秃的峰巅的原因
Two miles up they begin to search for the moths.
爬上二英里他们开始寻找飞蛾
It's the end of summer
现在是夏季末
and the last snow of winter holds on only here.
冬天里下的雪只在这里还有残留
It offers a few refreshing mouthfuls for travel-weary cubs.
它可以让走累的小熊爽口一下
Many of these bears learnt about this site from their mothers
许多熊从母亲那里得知这个地方
as a part of local bear tradition.
这已经是本地熊的传统之一
The family sets to work finding moths, digging into the loose rock.
翻开松动的岩石 一家人开始寻找飞蛾
Though each moth is very small,
虽然每只飞蛾都很小
a bear that makes a successful strike
但一只成功的熊
can harvest up to 40,000 in a single day.
在一天之中最多可抓到40000只
That's 20,000 calories and vital weight gained for winter.
相当于为冬天的增重提供20000卡路里
Having spent all summer avoiding males,
花了整个夏天躲避雄性后
the mother now finds one much too close for comfort.
母亲发现一只靠得很近的公熊
Perhaps he's seeking a mate, but he is unwelcome.
也许他正在寻求一个伴侣 但他是不受欢迎的
Leaving her cubs she confronts the male head on.
她撇开幼熊朝着公熊而去
As she approaches to see him off again
当她将他逼走
she realises she has been injured.
才意识到自己已经受伤
A damaged jaw would be a disaster for her and her family.
受伤的下巴对她和全家来说将是场灾难
Clearly in pain,
忍♥着疼痛
she leads the anxious cubs to high ground away from the male.
她把焦虑的小熊带到远离公熊的高地上
She nurses to calm and reassure them.
她照料并抚慰他们
The injury does not seem serious,
伤害似乎不算太严重
but she decides to lead her family back down from the mountain.
但是她决定带领她一家人从山上退下
This will be the last time these cubs feed here as a family.
这将会是这些小熊最后一次作为一家人在这里进食
By next year they will be independent,
明年的他们就独♥立♥了
ready to face their world alone.
准备好单独面对自己的世界
Sun has briefly brought warmth to Yellowstone,
太阳给黄石公园带来短暂的温暖
long enough to fuel the raising of new generations.
提供了足以养育新生一代的足够能量
But just as summer reveals the full extent of Yellowstone's diversity,
但正当夏天把整个黄石公园的多样性完整呈现时
a curtain of winter ice is set to descend again.
冬天的冰幕已经准备好再次降下
The days are getting shorter,
白天越来越短
the sun losing its power.
太阳逐渐失去其威力
Now there are just a few short weeks to prepare for winter.
现在只有短短数个星期来为过冬做准备
One final flourish of life
这是黄石公园的
in Yellowstone's briefest but most glorious season.
短暂而辉煌的季节里最后的兴盛
Autumn.
秋天