求偶游戏（2021）

这种原始力量和侵略性的表现
This display of raw power and aggression...
…是雄性黑猩猩
..is the way by which a male chimpanzee
宣布他的较高地位
proclaims his high status.
必要时他愿意与任何人战斗
He is willing to fight anyone if necessary.
雄性黑猩猩在20多岁时可能会成为支配者，等级会带来
Male chimpanzees may become dominant in their 20s, and high rank brings
极大的特权，如交♥配♥权
great privileges, such as the right to mate.
但并非所有雄性黑猩猩都处于相同的位置
But not every male chimp is in the same position.
达米恩，由观察他的研究人员命名，14岁
Damien, so named by the researchers observing him, is 14 years of age
而且还没有老到可以称霸的程度
and not yet old enough to be dominant.
青春期是黑猩猩生命中的一个考验期
Adolescence is a testing time in a chimp's life.
此时他必须决定是否以及如何脱颖而出
This is when he must decide if and how he will stand out
从其他年轻雄性那里
from other young males.
乌干达恩戈戈的黑猩猩生活在最大的黑猩猩社会中
The chimpanzees of Ngogo in Uganda live in the largest chimp society
为科学所知
known to science.
多亏了全年丰富的食物，这里几乎有
And thanks to the year-round abundance of food, there are nearly
雌性总是随时准备交♥配♥
always females ready to mate.
有些年，超过20个婴儿在这里出生
Some years, more than 20 babies are born here.
但他们中的大多数人的父亲是最具统治力的雄性
But the majority of them are fathered by the most dominant males.
雌性在这事上通常没有什么发言权
The females usually have little say in the matter.
强迫是常见的
Coercion is common.
随着时间的推移，达米恩可能会占据统治地位，然后他也可以使用他的地位
In time, Damien may become dominant, and then he too may use his rank
以及力量，接近雌性
and strength to gain access to females.
不过现在 他总是尊重他的上级
For now, though, he's always respectful to his superiors
通过轮到他来为他们梳洗来证明这一点
and shows that by taking his turn to groom them.
他缺乏优势雄性的体力
He lacks the physical strength of the dominant males,
但他已经长大到可以交♥配♥了，所以他找到了另一种方式
but he's old enough to mate, so he's found a different way
接近一个雌性
of getting close to a female.
这是佩内洛普
This is Penelope.
她是达米恩的朋友，他经常
She's a friend of Damien's, and he is regularly
在她身边，当她需要抓梳的时候
beside her when she needs a scratch.
这是萨宾
This is Sabin.
她也是达米恩的朋友
She, too, is a friend of Damien's.
还有玛雅和安娜
Then there's Maya and Anna.
达米恩可能不是最大或最强的
Damien may not be the biggest or the strongest,
但他是一只很受欢迎的黑猩猩
but he's a popular chimp.
他提供的不仅仅是梳理服务
And it's not just a grooming service he offers.
任何两个孩子的母亲都会告诉你，愿意和孩子们一起玩
As any mother of two will tell you, offering to play with the kids
当她休息的时候，肯定是讨好自己的好方法
while she has a break is a sure-fire way of ingratiating yourself.
这些不是他的子女，但达米恩经常花时间
These are not his offspring, but Damien often spends time
带着安娜和她的孩子，在旁边照看孩子
with Anna and her infants, on hand for a spot of childcare.
这使得他们俩有了一种特殊的关系
And that has led to the two of them having a special bond.
但现在安娜进入了发♥情♥期——她最有生育能力的时期
But now Anna has come into oestrus - her most fertile time.
一个年长的雄性知道
And an older male knows that she has.
达米恩对他敬而远之
Damien gives him a wide berth.
现在 他所能做的就是站在场边观看
For now, all he can do is to watch from the sidelines.
一位已经证明自己是一位有能力的母亲的雌性
A female who's already proved herself to be a capable mother
当她准备好再次交♥配♥时，她的要求总是很高
is always in high demand when she becomes ready to mate again.
摇动的树枝表明这年长的雄性想要交♥配♥
Shaking branches signals the older males desire to mate.
她显然很紧张
She is clearly nervous.
在他有机会真正接近之前，她的叫声提醒
And before he gets a chance to get really close, her calls alert
其他重量级雄性
the other heavyweight males.
他们将准备为交♥配♥机会而战
They will be prepared to fight for a chance to mate.
达米恩知道他没有机会对抗他们
Damien knows he would stand no chance against them.
尽管他们虚张声势，但在混乱中，他们都没有成功
Despite their bravado, in the chaos, none of them succeeds
与安娜交♥配♥
in mating with Anna.
之后 雄性渴望修复他们的友谊
After, the males are keen to repair their friendships...
安娜走了
..and Anna slips away.
暴♥力♥威胁暂时消失了 而且有点
With the threat of violence gone for the moment and being slightly
远离主导群体
away from the dominant group...
达米恩终于在安娜还可以生育的时候接近了她
..Damien finally gets close to Anna while she's still fertile.
雄性发展亲密的友谊并不罕见
It's not uncommon for males to develop close friendships
与雌性♥交♥配
with females in order to mate.
达米恩显然有这样做的天赋因为
And Damien has clearly got a talent for doing just that because,
两年前 他成为历史上最年轻的父亲
two years ago, he became the youngest father in the history
Ngogo集团的成员
of the Ngogo group...
…这证明了一点魅力可以走很长的路
..which proves that a little charm can go a long way.
丛林只占地球的2%，但他们是80%种类的动物的家园
Jungles cover just 2% of the planet, but they're home to 80% of all
陆生动物种类
land-living animal species.
为了在茂密的森林里赢得交♥配♥的机会
To win the mating game in these dense forests,
你需要找到一种脱颖而出的方法，还有一些雄性动物
you need to find a way to stand out, and some male animals
他们一生都在磨练诱惑技巧
spend their entire lives honing their seduction techniques.
在新几内亚的偏远山谷里 有奇怪的声音
In the remote valleys of New Guinea, there are strange sounds...
…还有最奇怪的结构
..and the most curious constructions
这使第一批欧洲探险家感到困惑
that mystified the first European explorers.
一些人认为这些建筑是当地人建造的
Some believed these structures had been made by the local people
在他们的部落仪式中
in their tribal rituals.
它们长满了苔藓，到处都是种子
They're ringed with moss and littered with seeds.
附近的树枝上挂着奇怪的装饰品
Strange decorations hang from the branches nearby.
但事实上 这座60厘米高的建筑已经建成
But, in fact, this 60 centimetre tall construction has been built
一只比画眉鸟还小的鸟
by a bird no bigger than a thrush...
…一只雄性麦克格雷戈 园丁鸟
..a male MacGregor's bowerbird.
他用几百根棍子建造了这座塔
He has built this tower with hundreds of sticks,
他年复一年地维护着它
and he maintains it year after year.
他有一个目的，而且只有一个目的
It has one purpose and one purpose only...
…给雌性留下深刻印象
..to impress females.
它需要经常维护
It requires constant maintenance.
那根棍子在那里干什么？
What's that stick doing there?
那不行！
That won't do!
但是现在这个
But now this.
完美
Perfect!
这个建筑 他的凉亭，主宰着他的生活
This construction, his bower, dominates his life.
一天的维护工作完成后，是时候更换装饰品了
With maintenance done for the day, it's time to renew the decorations.
腐烂的浆果和
Rotting berries and...
..毛虫粪便
..caterpillar droppings.
使人快乐
Delightful!
一个雌性评估他的构造，现在他给她唱歌♥
A female assesses his construction, and now he sings to her.
作为一只年轻的鸟，在他开始收集树枝之前
As a younger bird, before he started gathering sticks...
…他收集声音
..he collected sounds...
…现在 为了吸引她靠近，他复♥制♥了其中的一些
..and now, to entice her closer, he reproduces some of them.
有些是他在森林里其他地方听到的歌♥
Some are songs he has heard elsewhere in the forest...
…其他鸟类的叫声
..the calls of other kinds of birds.
其他人更难识别
Others are harder to identify.
也许是砍柴吧
Chopping wood, perhaps.
吠叫的狗
A barking dog.
甚至孩子们玩耍的声音
Even the sound of children playing...
…还有他们沮丧的父母
..and their frustrated parents.
他模仿的范围 就像他的凉亭一样，似乎也是一种方式
The range of his mimicry, it seems, like his bower, is also a way
给她留下深刻印象
of impressing her.
她似乎在专心听
She seems to be listening attentively.
现在他们开始绕着五月柱跳舞
Now they begin to dance around their maypole.
他很小心，没有完全暴露自己
He's careful not to completely reveal himself.
兴奋之情与日俱增
Excitement mounts.
现在 他开始努力了
And now he goes for it.
是不是太早了？
Was it too soon?
她回来了
She's back...
…仍然感兴趣
..still interested.
他们的结合是短暂的
Their union is brief.
她现在将回到她的巢穴，产卵并抚养她的幼崽
She will now return to her nest, lay her eggs and raise her young...
当他呆在他的五月柱旁
..while he stays beside his maypole,
保持良好的维修状态
keeping it in good repair,
准备迎接更多的雌性
ready for more females.
在肯尼亚森林覆盖的山坡上
On Kenya's forested mountain slopes...
…另一名雄性也必须寻求雌性的认同
..another male will also have to seek the approval of a female
如果他们要交♥配♥
if they are to mate...
…一只杰克逊变色龙
..a Jackson's chameleon.
他隐匿在树叶中，住在高高的树上
He lives high in the trees, camouflaged among the foliage.
作为一个孤独的人 他很少冒险到较低的层面
A loner, he rarely ventures to lower levels.
然而 有一件事会让他失望
One thing, however, will entice him down.
雌性通常停留在植被的较低层
Females usually stay at lower levels in the vegetation.
但是 尽管他视野开阔，寻找伴侣还是很棘手的
But despite his panoramic vision, looking for a partner can be tricky