国家地理.二战启示录系列（2011）

September 13, 1939
上午11点，大英帝国大使递送宣战通告。
At 11:00 am, the ambassador of the Great Britain in Berlin delivers a declaration of war.
下午5点，法国对德宣战。
At 5:00 pm, France declares war on Germany.
希♥特♥勒♥对此感到难以置信。
Hitler can hardly believe it.
德国将军们发现他们正面临最糟的状况
German generals find themselves facing the worst-case scenarios.
两线作战。
War on two fronts.
但木已成舟。
But the die is the cast.
希♥特♥勒♥出动纳粹德国的武装力量，国防军
Hitler unleashes the Wehrmacht, the armed forces of Nazi Germany
开往波兰。
onto Poland.
以古代骑士之姿进入战场
Entering battle as a Philippa gone age
波兰骑兵突击德国坦克
The Polish cavalry charges the German tanks
而遭到屠♥杀♥。
and is slaughtered.
法国，1939年9月3日
巴黎，东站火车站
Paris，the GARE DE I'EST train station
这些人的许多人25年前从同一站台出发。
Many of these men had shipped out from the same platform twenty five years ago.
而当时的气氛与现在的截然不同。
and under totally different atmosphere.
1914年八月，他们士气高昂开向前线。
In August 1914, they marched off to the war with high spirits.
带着鲜花和他们的步♥枪♥。
With flowers and their rifles.
这次没有了鲜花
There's no flowers this time
也没有步♥枪♥。
and no rifles.
没人想打这场战争。
Nobody wants to fight this war.
四百万人被动员起来。
Four million men are mobilized.
他们中很多人为农夫。
Many of them are farmers.
法国很大程度上仍为一个农业国。
France is still a largely rural country.
他们步行开往德国边境
They head to the German border on foot
他们的长官骑在马背上在他们后面跟着。
with their offices following on the horse back.
军队仍然对马严重依赖。
Armies still rely heavily on horses.
而这些马从全国各地征集而来。
And these're requisitioned throughout the country.
摩托化尚未普及。
Motorization's not capped up.
开这些橡胶轮胎旧式卡车的加斯通.席黑克回忆道
Jastone Schiller, a driver of one of these out-dated trucks with solid Rubber tires recalls
“我们如此缺少装备。”
"There was such a shortage of equipment."
“我们每辆卡车上每两人用一把步♥枪♥。”
"We have one rifle for two per truck."
“我有一盒十发子弹，但不许打开。”
"We have one box of ten bullets which we weren't allowed to open."
“这真是可悲的啊。”
"It was pathetic."
“如果我们万事皆备，我们就会进攻。”
"If we had what we needed, we'd assault."
“因为我们和德佬关系一向不好。”
"because we're no great friend with Boche."
“德佬”是前次大战时对德国♥军♥人的蔑称。
The Boche was a pejorative term for the German soldiers during the previous war.
他们也被称作 "vert de gris"
They are also called "vert de gris"
法语意思是平原灰
which in French means field grey
那是德军制♥服♥的颜色，能让他们隐入周遭环境。
the color of the uniform which enable them to blend in with the surrondings.
但这些士兵究竟是谁？
But just who are these soldiers?
举例来说，这名德国年轻人边行军边唱
Let's take for example one of these young germans. Marching and he sings
“我们的旗帜在前方飘扬。”
"Our flag is waving before us."
“我们的旗帜代表一个新的时代。”
"Our flag is a new age."
“我们的旗帜比死亡还强有力。”
"Our flag is stronger than death."
他名叫奥古斯特.卡根尼克
His name is Auguste Von Kaganick
他写道：“我认为从军是个对的选择。”
He writes, "I thought the military career is a right choice."
“我父母也如此认为。”
"My parents thought so as well."
“父亲会说至少在军队里你仍可畅所欲言。”
"My father would tell me at least there you can still open you mouth and say what you like"
“你不必行那纳粹礼了。”
"You don't have to do that Nazi salute."
1939年9月，卡根尼克仍然在训练成为一位坦克指挥官。
In September 1939, Auguste Von Kaganick is still traing to become a tank commander.
他写道：“我父亲曾是一名将军，他告诉我。”
He writes, "My father who was a general telling me was telling me"
“法国人在边境上有四十个师而我们是十四个。”
"the French have fourty divisions on the border and we have fifteen."
“剩余各部都在波兰。”
All the rest in Poland.
40万人对20万人
Five hundred thousand men against two hundred thousand
人数上是2比1。
Their number's two to one.
宣战四天后，法军于1939年9月7日发动进攻。
French forces attack on Setmeber 7th, 1939, four days after declaring war.
发动进攻是为反映民♥意♥表示波兰未被遗弃。
This offensive launched to show the publics opinions that Poland has not been abandoned.
军队前进8公里到达萨尔区。
Advance is eight kilometers into the Saar region.
法军电影部门炫耀着他们战利品。
The French army's cinema department shows off the spoils of the war
自行车。
Bicycles
“如我们所见，这些开心的骑士，他们收回了”
“这些被遗弃在德国的村庄里的自行车。”
对萨尔的进攻就在那停了下来
The Saar offensive stops there
而产生成一系列在约瑟夫.达农的领导下的精英游击队
发动的小规模战斗。
and generates into a series of skirmishe raised by elite commandos, led by the hero Joseph Darnard.
这位英雄被嘉奖为“法兰西第一士兵”。
Who receives the citation of premier soldier of France.
之后，他将是最狂热于与德国合作的人之一。
Later, he would one of the most rabid collaborates with the Germans.
而最终在战后被处决。
And eventually, he will be executed after war.
法军虽有自己的英雄和数量上的优势
The French army in spite of its heroes and its superiority in numbers
却无如何进一步的行动
takes no further action.
67岁的甘默林将军
General, Maurice Gamelin, sixty-seven years old
是法英同盟陆军总司令。
is the commandering chief of the allied Franco-British land forces.
因为法军人数比英军要多。
for the French outnumber the British
英国人也认为这场战争不会真的开打
who also think this war isn't for real
一切很快就会平息。
and all will be settled soon.
甘默林本人无意再打一场1914年的战争。
Gamelin himself has no desire to refight the war of 1914.
他不惜任何代价也要避免再次血流成河。
He wants to avoid another blood bath at any cost.
他考虑他需要在马其诺防线后安全地守过两年
He considers he needs two years safe behind the Maginot Line
好让法国重新武装起来。
in order to rearm the country.
马其诺防线为前战争部长安德里.马其诺所建
The Maginot Line is a work of former minister of war, André Maginot
这座结构复杂的防御工事
This complex fortifications
原意是建来一劳永逸的阻止德国
was made to stop the German enemy once and for all
防线花了近十年建造
It took nearly ten years to construct
并整整耗去150万立方米混凝土
and swallowed up half one and a half million Cubic meters of concrete
和15万吨♥钢铁。
and a hundred and fifty thousand tons of steel.
所有这些炮塔都由迷宫般隧♥道♥所连接
All these gun turrets link together by a labyrinth of tunnels
隧♥道♥共长达100公里
one hundred kilometers of them
防线自身延伸达720公里
The line itself stretches for seven hundred and twenty kilometers
从瑞士一直到比利时边境。
from the Swiss to the Belgium borders.
马其诺防线终止于阿登森林脚下。
The Maginot Line ends at the foot of the Ardennes forest.
法国♥军♥部过去认为德国坦克永远无法穿越如此崎岖的地形。
The French military command thought the German tanks could never cross this extremly rough terrain.
法国没有将防线一路延伸至海边。
The French didn't extend the line all the way to the sea.
因为比利时在宣布中立前为法国的盟友
Because Belgium before the declaration of its neutrality was an ally with France.
而且对此表示反对。
and oppose it.
北部的战线由法国♥军♥队和英国远征军来填补
This northern part of the front is mend by the French army and the British expeditionary forces
之后又得到了来自加拿大和其他远离大英帝国的地方的部队的支援。
later reinforced by Canadians and troops from the far from the British Empire.
在英国，那时有一首流行的歌♥叫“在齐格菲防线洗晒”。
In Britain, a popular song of the day is the "Washing on the Siegfried Line".
“我们要在齐格菲防线晾晒衣服。”
"We're gonna hang out the washing on the Siegfried Line."
“亲爱的妈妈，你有什么脏衣服要洗吗？”
"Have you any dirty washing, mother dear?"
“我们要在齐格菲防线晾晒衣服。”
"We're gonna hang out the washing on the Siegfried Line."
“因为洗衣服的日子到了。”
"Cause the washing day is here."
齐格菲防线是由希♥特♥勒♥建起的加固防线，面对马其诺防线。
The Siegfried Line is a string of fortifications constructed by Hitler, facing the Maginot Line.
德国人不会进攻
The Germans don't attack
他们仍然设法避免出现第二条战线。
They still try to avoid the second front.
尽管如此，法国人仍采取了预防措施，
The French neverthless take some precaution,
他们将阿尔萨斯和洛林的民众疏散至西南部的佩里格尔和夏朗德地区。
they evacuate the population of Alsace and Lorraine to the regions of Peiligeer and Charente in the southwest.
斯特拉斯堡，成了一座鬼城
Strasbourg, a ghost town
她被民众所遗弃，变得毫无生气。
abandoned by its poplulation, emptied of its soul.
尤其是那些犹太教堂
Especially that of synagogues
华沙
1939年9月20日
在9月20日，希♥特♥勒♥下令轰炸华沙。
On the twentieth of September, Hitler orders the bombing of Warsaw.
这座城市被德军包围但仍未屈服。
The city is surrounded but still holding out.
元首想要为之胆战心惊的不仅是波兰人
The führer wants to strike terror into the hearts and minds not only of the Pols
也包括法国人和英国人。
but of the French and the British as well.
“这是你们将要面临的状况。”
"This's what is in store for you."
纽约
1939年9月20日
全世界都吓坏了。
The world is horrified.
在纽约，华沙被轰炸的消息登上了时代广场上的灯牌里
In New York, the bombing of Warsaw is up in lights in Times Square
以及各种报纸的头版。
and on the front page of all the newspapers.
美国总统弗兰克林.罗斯福向全国演讲：
Franklin Roosevelt, the president of the Uited States, addresses to the nation
“这个国家仍将是个中立国家”
"This nation will remain a neutral nation "
“但我无法要求每个美国人在思考方面也保持中立。”
"But I cannot ask that every American remain neutral in thought as well"
“甚至中立者也有权考虑事实。”
"Even a neutral has a right to take account of facts"
“甚至中立者也不能被要求封闭他的内心或是他的良知。”
"Even a neutral cannot be asked to close his mind or to close his conscience."
华沙被炸显出这些城市有多脆弱。
The bombing of Warsaw shows how vulnerable the cities are.
巴黎开始着手保护她的名胜古迹。
Paris settles about protecting its monuments
并把博物馆的名作藏至外省。
and hides its museum Masterpieces out into the provinces.
在埃菲尔塔脚下的战神广场
The Champs-de-Mars at the foot of The Eiffel Tower
到处挖有防空避难所
is dug full of bomb shelters
并经常进行防空演习。
and the refrequent aerial drills
防毒面具被强行要求戴上。
Gas masks are compulsory.
毒气在上次大战里被使用，现在所有人都害怕它们。