与巨兽同行（2005）

但这火炉却孕育了一种生物
它是世上最早的植物
The first pioneering plants.
顶囊蕨有独特的生存策略
Cooksonia has a unique survival strategy.
它是第一棵为了争取阳光
It's the first plant to send shoots upwards, trapping extra light to help it grow.
将幼芽向上生长,以助长大的植物
我们的冠层树木亦是由此而来
This basic design will eventually lead to our tallest forests.
头甲鱼游至上游,离开大海
The Cephalaspis convoy ploughs upriver, away from the sea.
它们要朝出生地进发
They're making the marathon journey
back to the spawning grounds where they hatched.
Incredibly our fish ancestors already use memory.
出奇地,它们竟会运用记忆
认清沿途看到的地标
They use familiar landmarks to navigate.
它们坚硬的头部内藏有一件武器
Their toughened heads protect a vital weapon.
那是最早的脑袋之一
One of the first complex brains.
It's much more developed than their scorpion rivals
这比蝎子要先进得多
因为蝎子根本没有任何记忆
who have no memory at all.
It's thanks to these primitive fish
多得这些远古鱼类
人类才能思考和解决问题
that we can think and solve problems today.
但鱼儿却低估了敌人的实力
But the fish have underestimated their enemy.
节肢动物比我们的祖先
It is the arthropods and not our ancestors
更早离开海洋,来到陆地
who have taken the first momentous steps out of the sea into dry land.
布龙度蝎子得到先机
Brontoscorpio has a huge advantage.
它的鳃和肺,是以几百层…
As well as gills
he has simple lungs made up of hundreds of thin layers of tissue.
细薄的组织而成
它不能像我们一样呼吸
He can't breath in and out like we do.
它会将氧气带进血液之内
He just absorbs the oxygen into his blood.
因为拥有这抗低氧系统
Equipped to maximise the little oxygen available
并有装甲抵挡太阳的强光
and with their armour to protect them from the sun,
蝎子走近岸边
the scorpions patrol the shoreline,
在沿岸寻找食物
scavenging on whatever the sea washes up next.
Finally the fish approach their destination.
鱼儿终于来到目的地
它们朝出生地,亦即是生育场进发
They've navigated their way back to the spawning pool,
where their lives began.
经过长途跋涉,它们要穿过石路
Weak from their long journey,
now they have to cross a ridge of rock
to make it from the river, to the pool.
再跳进河中,才能到达生育场
The first fish make it through and start to lay their eggs.
第一条鱼儿来到,开始产卵
But the exhausted Cephalaspis have company.
但累透的头甲鱼并不孤独
Passing scorpions have stumbled on this bounty.
蝎子蹒跚的来到
但鱼儿数目众多
But the fish have numbers on their side.
而且它们靠头脑来到这个地方
The clever Cephalaspis have navigated their way,
而蝎子只是靠运气而已
while Brontoscorpio are only here by luck.
They're soon stuffed to the gills while the fish keep jumping.
不久,它们就停住了嘴
但鱼儿仍陆续赶来
One scorpion is still hungry, but he can't feed.
一只蝎子仍然非常肚饿
但它不能进食
因为它被皮肤困住
He's become a prisoner in his own skin.
它坚硬的骨架成了障碍
His rigid skeleton is now a handicap.
它不能与身体同时增大
It can't grow with his body.
它要更换外壳
He needs to shed his hard skin and then grow another,
expanding while the new one is still soft.
但新外壳仍然非常柔软
For such a large creature, this is a long process.
对大型生物而言,这是个漫长的过程
第二天早上,生育场已没有头甲鱼
Next morning, there's no sign of life in the spawning pool.
The scorpion has missed his chance.
蝎子错过了时机
我们的祖先得以保住性命
Our ancestors have survived.
它们产卵后,就回到海洋
They've laid their eggs and are returning to the sea.
它的大脑愈来愈发达
Brain has triumphed over brawn,
很快就不会再轻易成为目标
and soon they won't be such soft targets.
因为进化令它得以反抗
Evolution starts to give them weapons to fight back.
Over millions of years,
几百万年过去
鱼儿的鳃形成了颚
the fish's gills adapt to form the first jaw with the very first teeth.
并进化出牙齿
现在它们亦有能力反♥攻♥
Now they're equipped to go on the attack.
它们的鳍和肩膀
Some develop tougher bones and muscles in their fins and shoulders,
进化出坚硬的骨头和肌肉
并演化成翼
which become the first limbs.
最终成了我们的手和脚
This is where our arms and legs began.
With this four-limbed design,
有了这四肢,我们的祖先
our ancestors finally haul themselves out of water on to land.
终于可以离开海洋,走上陆地
这是巨型的两栖动物-海纳皮冬
This is the giant amphibian, Hynerpeton.
它是未来三亿年的典型陆地居民
The prototype land dweller for the next three hundred million years.
海纳皮冬身长超过一点五米
Hynerpeton are over a metre and a half in length,
比今日最大的两栖动物体型还要大
much larger than most amphibians today.
它们在水边建了一个家
They've carved out a home along the water's edge.
节肢动物仍然存在
Arthropod enemies still exist,
but they've shrunk since their Brontoscorpio glory days.
但自布龙度蝎子的辉煌时期过去
它们的势力亦随之削弱
但先驱的生活并不易过
Still, life for this pioneer is far from easy.
这是一个全新的世界
It's a whole new world.
过去五千年来,植物已变成树木
In the last fifty million years, plants have developed into trees.
因为没有动物捕食
And with nothing around to eat them,
植物得以大量生长,并释出氧气
they've grown into vast forests pumping oxygen into the air.
Hynerpeton has evolved complex lungs to exploit this new oxygen.
海纳皮冬为了吸取氧气
亦进化出复杂的肺部
它的肺部与我们相似
His lungs are sacks, just like ours, and he breaths like we do.
Forcing air in and out so his blood can absorb more oxygen.
原理是吸入和呼出空气
使血液吸收更多氧气
至今,我们仍沿用这呼吸方法
We still rely on the design developed in this strange amphibian.
海纳皮冬可在地面呼吸
Hynerpeton can breath on land, but he's still water bound.
但它仍可在水中逗留
它的皮肤比我们薄
His skin is much thinner than ours and it dries out in minutes,
不消几分钟就会干透
所以要经常保持湿润
so he has to keep it wet.
但水是个危险地带
And water is a danger zone.
鱼儿成了我们祖先的敌人
The fish are now our ancestor's enemies.
远古的鲨鱼正在蠢蠢欲动
Primitive sharks are constantly on the hunt.
但对某些食肉鱼而言
But even sharks are small fry in comparison to some flesh eating fish.
鲨鱼亦只是小鱼苗
Hyneria weighs two tons. And is five metres long.
含肺鱼重两顿,身型长达五米
是一头贪得无厌的食肉动物
She's an insatiable carnivore.
The amphibian limbs are his saving grace.
四肢助它逃出生天
只是这一刻而已
For now.
日落后,海纳皮冬可在陆地
As the burning sun dips, Hynerpeton can spend more time on land.
逗留较长时间
这海岸线是它的领土
This stretch of shoreline is his territory
它身旁有一班女伴
and his trump card with the opposite sex.
雌性海纳皮冬非常挑剔
Hynerpeton females are choosy
它们只会挑选能保卫地盘的雄性
and will only go for males who can defend their turf.
而且交♥配♥期非常短
They also only mate during a short season.
雄性的未来就系于它的遗传因子
The male's future depends on passing on his genes
今晚大概是最后机会
and tonight could be his last chance.
As night arrives, so does the competition.
夜晚来临,一番竞逐在所难免
另一个雄性亦钉住它的目标
Another male with his eye on this prime patch.
为了避免受伤
To avoid injury,
雄性抬起身子吓唬对手
the males demonstrate their strength in a strange push up contest.
它虽然赶走了对手
This rival is not up to the challenge,
但已被拖延了时间
but now our male may be too late for love.
黎明时分
Dawn.
已交♥配♥的雌性都已经离开
And all the females in the area have mated and moved on.
海纳皮冬似乎错过机会了
Hynerpeton seems to have missed his chance.
但黑暗的湖边吸引了它的注意
The only attention he's attracting comes from the dark waters of the lake.
它终于得到回应,赶紧抓住机会
A female finally answers his call and the male seizes the opportunity.
Amphibian eggs are soft and their young have gills,
两栖动物的卵非常柔软
小时只有鳃,没有肺
not lungs, so they must be laid in water.
所以只能在水中生产
但那里亦是最危险的地方
Where amphibians are most vulnerable.
含肺鱼就像追赶着海豹的杀人鲸
Hyneria can attack like a killer whale after a seal.
但它今次错过了机会
Only just missing her prey.
不过它有一双有力的鱼鳍
But she has remarkably powerful fins.
最终成功将雄性捉住
And she takes the male by surprise.
这海纳皮冬的生命就此告终
The end for this Hynerpeton.
但两栖动物很快就能逃出…
But the amphibians are about to find a way
to leave the dangers of the water behind for good.
危险的水域
这全赖卵子的转变
The key to their future success lies in changing their eggs.
They evolve a hard waterproof casing
它们进化出既坚硬防水
又耐热的外壳保护幼小
which protects the young inside from the drying sun,
so they can be laid on land.
从此,它们就能在陆地生产
The babies will hatch out, fully developed,
宝贝破壳而出,并拥有完善呼吸系统
air breathing and independent.
能独♥立♥生活
它们是最早的有脊椎陆地动物