安第斯山脉（2018）

安第斯山脉的南端
The southern end of the Andes
一只母美洲狮努力抚养一个家庭
where a mother puma tries to raise a family.
安第斯秃鹰翱翔在无尽的雨林上空，
Andean condors soar over endless rainforests,
庇护稀有的生灵
sheltering rare inhabitants.
这里有各种各样的树
There are species of tree here
比恐龙的出现还久远
that have outlasted the dinosaurs.
在巴塔哥尼亚偏远的南部地区，
In these remote southern reaches of Patagonia,
一切都必须适应
everything must adapt
不断的剧变
to constant upheaval
入侵
invasion
和火山爆♥炸♥性的变化
and explosive change.
狂野而未驯服，这就是这片世界尽头的生活
Wild and untamed,this is life at the end of the world.
阿空加瓜峰
Aconcagua.
它高达23000英尺，是美洲最高峰
At nearly 23,000 feet it is the highest peak in the Americas.
被冰层永久覆盖，被冰川深深雕刻，
Permanently cloaked in ice,and deeply carved by glaciers,
阿空加瓜山横跨智利和阿根廷边境
Aconcagua straddles the border between Chile and Argentina.
安第斯山脉从这里一直延伸到巴塔哥尼亚
From here the Andes stretch down through Patagonia.
一片荒凉的土地，只有石塔和刺骨的寒冷
An inhospitable land of rock towers and biting cold
托雷德裴恩山（智利），在巴塔哥尼亚安第斯山脉，
Torres del Paine,in the Patagonian Andes,
是世界上最好的猎人之一的据点
is a stronghold for one of the world's greatest hunters.
美洲狮
The Puma.
这只雌性正在跟踪另一只
This female is stalking another
山区坚强的生存者：羊驼
of the mountains' hardy survivors: the guanaco.
猎手和被猎
Hunter and hunted
每个物种都必须用自己所有的感官来超越对方
each must use all its senses to outmaneuver the other.
但美洲狮被发现了
But she's been spotted.
羊驼暂时缓刑
The guanaco have a temporary reprieve.
在这里，寒风可以毫无预警地吹进来，
Here,wintry squalls can blow in with little warning,
即使在夏天
even in summer.
恶劣的天气使每一个威胁都更加危险
Bad weather makes every threat even more dangerous.
幸运的是，羊驼受到了较好的保护
Fortunately,guanaco are well-protected
面对冰冻的温度
from the freezing temperatures.
他们的羊毛是分层的
Their fleece is layered
短绒毛能够保暖，
with short downy hair that keeps them warm,
长毛发能够防水
and long guard hair that waterproofs them.
但是饥饿和恐惧永远不会远离
But hunger and fear are never far away.
冰冷的风围绕着托雷德裴恩山旋转，
Icy winds swirl around the Torres del Paine,
蓝色之塔
the Towers of Blue.
充其量，他们让生活变得不可预测
At best,they make life unpredictable
最坏的是
at worst
难以忍♥受
unbearable.
每个山谷都有自己的气候
Each valley harbors its own weather.
捕食者和猎物必须不断移♥动♥
Predators and prey must keep on the move
如果他们想避免最坏的情况
if they want to avoid the worst
这些山可以伤害他们
these mountains can throw at them.
在花岗岩尖顶和周围山峰的庇护下
Sheltered by the granite spires and surrounding peaks
许多斜坡没有积雪，
many of the slopes are free from snow,
使走动更容易些
making travel much easier.
雌性美洲狮动作稳定，
The female puma moves with determination,
但她不是在打猎
but she isn't hunting.
或者至少，不是为了食物
Or,at least,not for food.
一只雄性美洲狮
A male puma.
雌性在一年中的任何时候都可能进入发♥情♥
Females can come into heat at any time of year.
她的信息素表明，她已经准备好交♥配♥繁殖了
Her pheromones signal she's ready to breed.
他们现在在一起一个星期，
They'll now spend a week together,
一天交♥配♥很多次，然后分道扬镳，
mating many times a day,before going their separate ways,
无休止地漫步在这片广阔的山坡上
endlessly roaming the slopes of this vast landscape.
安第斯山脉是世界上最长的山脉
The Andes are the longest mountain chain in the world
绵延4000英里
stretching 4,000 miles
沿着整个南美洲西部边缘
along the entire western edge of South America.
平行岩石刺蜿蜒从北方热带--
Parallel rocky spines snake from the tropics in the north,
一直到巴塔哥尼亚的寒冷区
down to the chill of Patagonia.
在这里，群山被冰雕过
Here,the mountains have been carved by ice
被深深的峡湾隔开
and are separated by deep fjords.
从托雷德裴恩山向北，
Heading north from Torres del Paine,
群山环绕着世界上最大的冰原，
the mountains embrace some of the world's largest ice fields,
还有数百座活火山
and hundreds of active volcanoes.
在智利中部的西坡，
On the western slopes,in central Chile,
位于世界上最南端的雨林之一
lies one of the most southerly rainforests in the world.
在太平洋雾气的滋润下，瓦尔迪夫森林
Moisturized by Pacific fog,the Valdivian forest
到处都是天然宝藏
is bursting with natural treasures.
他们中的许多物种是以发现人的名字命名--
Many of them are named after the man
是谁最先发现的
who first discovered them
包括达尔文的鹿角虫
including Darwin's stag beetle.
这只雄性大约有3.5英寸长，
This male is about three and a half inches long,
但它凶猛的下颚
but its ferocious mandibles
占其身长的一半以上
account for more than half its length.
从高高的树冠里飘来无法抗拒的气味
From high in the canopy comes the irresistible smell
一个雌性的信息素，引诱他向上攀爬
of a female's pheromones,luring him upwards.
一路上，他停下来喝了一杯恢复体力的树液
Along the way,he breaks for a restorative drink of sap.
但他停不了多久
But he can't stop long.
竞争就要开始了
Competition is on its way.
另一只雄性，被同样诱人的气味吸引
Another male,drawn to the same seductive scent.
对手腾空飞行而上
The rival takes to the air to make his ascent.
他们要去树梢决战
They are heading for a treetop showdown.
但是他们中的任一个还有精力去战斗吗？
But will either of them have energy left for a fight?
60英尺高的舞台上，准备上演泰坦之战
Sixty feet up,the stage is set for a clash of the titans.
那两个雄性站成一排准备打架
The two males square up to fight.
格斗开始了
The grappling begins.
一种甲虫柔术
A kind of beetle jujitsu.
行为目的？
The goal?
从树枝上把对手摔出去
To launch one's opponent from the branch.
自己赢得与附近等待的雌性♥交♥配的权利
And win the right to mate with the female waiting nearby.
攀爬者把他的长下颚钩在飞行员下面
The climber hooks his longer mandibles under the flier
胜利！
and triumphs!
闯入者在坠落中幸免于难
The interloper survives the fall.
但他已经退出了竞选
But he's out of the running.
在上面，胜利者已经在领奖了，
Up above,the victor is already claiming his prize,
与小得多的雌性♥交♥配
mating with the much smaller female.
胜利者通常炫耀最大的下颌
The fact that the winner usually boasts the largest mandibles
对达尔文鹿角虫而言，
shows that with Darwin's stag beetles,
尺寸真的很重要
size really does matter.
在长满苔藓的灌木丛里
Down in the mossy undergrowth
住着另一达尔文注目的同名生物
lives another of Darwin's remarkable namesakes:
达尔文青蛙
Darwin's frog.
雄性青蛙照顾幼蛙并不常见，
It's not unusual for male frogs to look after their young,
但是雄性达尔文青蛙
but the male Darwin's frog
把父亲的责任提升到一个全新的高度
takes paternal responsibility to a whole new level.
棕色雌性在落叶层产卵--
The brown female laid eggs in the leaf litter.
差不多一个月前
Nearly a month ago.
在她离开后，雄性把卵放在声囊里
After she left,the male took the eggs into his vocal sac.
三天后，它们孵化成蝌蚪
Three days later,they hatched into tadpoles
从那以后一直呆在那里
and have remained there ever since.
在接下来的三个月里，蝌蚪会在他体内发育
For the next three months,the tadpoles will develop inside him
直到他们成熟到可以吐到世界上
until they're mature enough to be spat out into the world.
连同达尔文青蛙，
Along with Darwin's frogs,
有90%的物种
an incredible 90 percent of species
在瓦尔迪夫森林发现
found in the Valdivian forest
只在这里进化生活
have evolved to live only here
被安第斯山脉南部的高耸隆起山脉所阻隔
isolated by the towering uplift of the Southern Andes.
郁郁葱葱的雨林不同于--
The lush rainforests couldn't be more different
托雷德裴恩山的贫瘠土地
to the barren land of Torres del Paine
向南600英里
600 miles to the south.
这是美洲狮的领地
This is the realm of the Puma
许多猎物在灌木丛中觅食
and its many prey that scratch a living among the scrub.
如今，它们在这位雌性眼中非常显眼
Today they're very much in the female's sights
尤其是现在她还有三张嘴要喂
especially now she has three extra mouths to feed.
三个月来，她一直把小猫藏在一个窝里
For three months,she has hidden her kittens in a den.
现在是出来探索的时候了
Now it's time to explore.
在这个多岩石的世界里，每一步都会带来新的冒险
Every step brings new adventures in this rocky world.